Department of Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan 260, Taiwan.
J Invertebr Pathol. 2012 Nov;111(3):264-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2012.08.014. Epub 2012 Sep 12.
Nosema ceranae, a microsporidian entomopathogen, was first reported from honey bees, Apis mellifera, in 2005 in Taiwan (Huang et al., 2007) and has become a major concern in apiculture worldwide. In Taiwan, we found one infection peak for N. ceranae during the winter months, compared to two peaks in spring and fall reported in 1980 for Nosema apis. N. ceranae infection intensity in apiaries reached a high level earlier than N. apis, a possible factor in replacement. We found a significant negative correlation of N. ceranae pathogen load with temperature; the highest spore counts were recorded at an average temperature of approximately 15 °C and infection intensity equaled the annual average at 23.8 °C. This model corresponds with published results but is most reliable for subtropical to tropical climates.
微孢子虫病原体蜜蜂微孢子虫于 2005 年在台湾的蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）中首次被报道（Huang 等人，2007），现已成为全球养蜂业的主要关注点。在台湾，我们发现蜜蜂微孢子虫的感染高峰期出现在冬季，而在 1980 年报道的中蜂微孢子虫（Nosema apis）则有两个高峰期。与中蜂微孢子虫相比，蜜蜂微孢子虫在蜂群中的感染强度更早达到高水平，这可能是其取代中蜂微孢子虫的一个因素。我们发现蜜蜂微孢子虫的病原体负荷与温度呈显著负相关；在平均温度约为 15°C 时记录到最高的孢子数，在 23.8°C 时感染强度等于年平均水平。该模型与已发表的结果一致，但对亚热带到热带气候最为可靠。
