Department of Emergency Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012 Oct;27(5):492-4. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X12001215. Epub 2012 Aug 21.
An understanding of disaster medicine and the health care system during mass-casualty events is vital to a successful disaster response, and has been recommended as an integral part of the medical curriculum by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC). It has been documented that medical students do not believe that they have received adequate training for responding to disasters. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the inclusion of disaster medicine in the required course work of medical students at AAMC schools in the United States, and to identify the content areas addressed.
An electronic on-line survey was developed based upon published core competencies for health care workers, and distributed via e-mail to the education liaison for each medical school in the United States that was accredited by the AAMC. The survey included questions regarding the inclusion of disaster medicine in the medical school curricula, the type of instruction, and the content of instruction.
Of the 29 (25.2%) medical schools that completed the survey, 31% incorporated disaster medicine into their medical school curricula. Of those schools that included disaster medicine in their curricula, 20.7% offered disaster material as required course work, and 17.2% offered it as elective course work. Disaster medicine topics provided at the highest frequency included pandemic influenza/severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS, 27.5%), and principles of triage (10.3%). The disaster health competency included most frequently was the ability to recognize a potential critical event and implement actions at eight (27.5%) of the responding schools.
Only a small percentage of US medical schools currently include disaster medicine in their core curriculum, and even fewer medical schools have incorporated or adopted competency-based training within their disaster medicine lecture topics and curricula.
了解灾难医学和大规模伤亡事件中的医疗保健系统对于成功应对灾难至关重要，美国医学协会（AAMC）已将其推荐为医学课程的一个组成部分。有文件记录表明，医学生认为他们没有接受过足够的应对灾难的培训。本试点研究的目的是确定美国 AAMC 学校的医学生必修课程中是否包含灾难医学课程，并确定所涉及的内容领域。
根据已发表的医护人员核心能力制定了一份在线电子调查问卷，并通过电子邮件分发给美国每所获得 AAMC 认证的医学院的教育联络人。该调查包括有关灾难医学纳入医学院课程、教学类型和教学内容的问题。
在完成调查的 29 所（25.2%）医学院中，有 31%将灾难医学纳入其医学课程。在将灾难医学纳入课程的学校中，20.7%将灾难材料作为必修课程提供，17.2%将其作为选修课程提供。提供频率最高的灾难医学主题包括大流行性流感/严重急性呼吸系统综合征（SARS，27.5%）和分诊原则（10.3%）。在做出回应的学校中，有 8 所（27.5%）最常提到的灾难健康能力是能够识别潜在的重大事件并采取行动。
目前只有一小部分美国医学院将灾难医学纳入其核心课程，只有更少的医学院在其灾难医学讲座主题和课程中纳入或采用基于能力的培训。
