Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC and Sophia Children's Hospital Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GJ Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2012 Nov;8(11):689-92. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2012.168. Epub 2012 Sep 18.
The association of rapid weight gain in early life with increased adiposity and obesity in later life has been established, whereas whether rapid neonatal weight gain predisposes individuals to other risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus remains controversial. Gain in weight of >0.5 SD scores in the first 3 months of life (described as rapid weight gain) is associated with an unfavourable health profile in adulthood, and keeping weight gain below this threshold could reduce the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases later in life. Weight gain above this threshold is not necessarily unhealthy if the increase is in proportion with the increase in length. As such, regular measurement of both the weight and length of all infants is important. Preterm infants and those who are born small for gestational age are most likely to have rapid weight gain, and are high-risk populations for unfavourable health profiles in adulthood.
生命早期快速体重增加与生命后期肥胖和超重的关联已得到证实，而新生儿体重快速增加是否会使个体易患心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病的其他危险因素仍存在争议。生命头 3 个月体重增加超过 0.5 个标准差（称为快速体重增加）与成年后不良的健康状况有关，将体重增加控制在这一门槛以下可以降低成年后患心血管和代谢疾病的风险。如果体重增加与身长增加成比例，那么超过这个阈值的体重增加不一定不健康。因此，定期测量所有婴儿的体重和身长非常重要。早产儿和出生时体重不足的婴儿最有可能出现快速体重增加，他们是成年后患不良健康状况的高危人群。
