Skrbina Dijana, Simunović Dubravka, Santek Vjerocka, Njegovan-Zvonarević Tatjana
University of Applied Health Studies, Department of Occupational Therapy, Zagreb, Croatia
Acta Med Croatica. 2011 Dec;65(5):415-23.
Man is mortal, which means that as the earthly body perishes being, final. Disease and death will always be an inevitable and integral part of human experience. The way in which we try to identify and respond to the unique and individual needs of the dying is an indication of our maturity as a society. The number of people requiring palliative care is growing. Palliative care does not intend to either accelerate or postpone death she emphasizes the life and looks at dying as a normal process. It is an active form of care for patients with advanced, progressive illness, with the aim of suppressing pain and other symptoms in addition to providing psychological, social and spiritual support which ensures the best possible quality of life for patients and their families. Therefore requires a coordinated and interdisciplinary contribution team. The variety of professions in a team, and determine the needs of patients should be ready to provide physical, psychological, social and spiritual support using methods that result from an interdisciplinary, collaborative team approach. Development of a holistic approach and awareness in the medical and allied professions has led to a renewal of interest in the inclusion of music and other expressive media in contemporary concepts of palliative care, which are consistent with problem areas, clinical manifestations and the needs of patients. Music offers a direct and uncomplicated medium of intimacy, living in a man who listens to her, has a place where words lose their power. Music is like our existence, constantly polarizing and emotionally stimulating, as it touches the medium of the earliest layers of our becoming. The use of music in palliative care has proved very effective for a variety of effects that music creates in patients. These effects are achieved through the use of various musical techniques, such as musical improvisation, songwriting, receiving creative techniques, guided by imagination and music. These techniques allow the diversity of objectives in treating patients such as reducing anxiety and stress, relaxation, pain control, reducing confusion spiritual, emotional expression, experience, self-awareness, encourage creative expression, causing mood swings - emotional, cognitive and behavioral, inducing the patient's imagination, enabling patient's chronological classification of life experiences, and the elaboration of unresolved pain, sorrow or errors. Adequate selection and use of musical techniques in palliative care in the service of achieving the best possible quality of life for patients at the end of life.
人终有一死，这意味着尘世的身体会消亡，生命走向终结。疾病和死亡始终是人类经历中不可避免且不可或缺的一部分。我们试图识别并回应临终者独特的个体需求的方式，彰显了我们作为一个社会的成熟度。需要姑息治疗的人数正在增加。姑息治疗并非旨在加速或推迟死亡，而是着重生命，将死亡视为一个正常过程。它是对晚期进行性疾病患者的一种积极护理形式，除了提供心理、社会和精神支持以确保患者及其家人尽可能好的生活质量外，还旨在抑制疼痛和其他症状。因此需要一个协调的跨学科团队做出贡献。团队中职业的多样性，以及确定患者的需求，应该准备好使用跨学科协作团队方法所产生的方法，提供身体、心理、社会和精神支持。医学及相关职业中整体方法和意识的发展，引发了人们对将音乐和其他表达性媒介纳入当代姑息治疗概念的新兴趣，这与问题领域、临床表现和患者需求相一致。音乐提供了一种直接且简单的亲密媒介，对于聆听它的人来说，存在着一个言语失去力量的地方。音乐就如同我们的存在，不断地两极分化并在情感上产生刺激，因为它触及到我们存在最早期层面的媒介。在姑息治疗中使用音乐已被证明对音乐在患者身上产生的各种效果非常有效。这些效果是通过使用各种音乐技巧来实现的，例如音乐即兴创作、歌曲创作、接受由想象力和音乐引导的创作技巧。这些技巧允许在治疗患者时实现多种目标，如减轻焦虑和压力、放松、控制疼痛、减少精神错乱、情感表达、体验、自我认知、鼓励创造性表达、引发情绪波动——情感、认知和行为方面的，激发患者的想象力，使患者能够按时间顺序对生活经历进行分类，以及阐述未解决的痛苦、悲伤或错误。在姑息治疗中充分选择和使用音乐技巧，以实现临终患者尽可能好的生活质量。
