Leopold Franzens University and Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
High Alt Med Biol. 2012 Sep;13(3):224-31. doi: 10.1089/ham.2012.1015.
Arnold Durig (1872-1961) grew up in the Austrian mountains in the period when intense exploration of the Alps started. As an enthusiastic mountaineer, scientist, and physician, he became one of the pioneers exploring physiological and pathophysiological aspects of humans sojourning to high altitudes. At the beginning of the 20(th) century, Durig was one of the great physiologists whose knowledge covered the whole field of physiology. Durig founded a renowned School and his students spread all over the world. He stayed in close contact with many colleagues and famous scientists, such as Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud. Although he was an extremely productive and acknowledged physiologist and teacher at that time, his work and life are not very well known at the beginning of the 3(rd) millennium, even by high altitude physiologists. Thus, this article provides an overview on Durig's life and work, highlighting the most important scientific studies he performed at moderate and high altitudes, in an attempt to provide a few links to the development of high altitude research in the late 19(th) and early 20(th) centuries, complemented by some comments from a current point of view.
阿诺德·杜里格（Arnold Durig，1872-1961 年）在奥地利山区长大，当时正是阿尔卑斯山探险热潮兴起的时期。作为一位热衷于登山、科学和医学的人，他成为探索人类在高海拔地区生理和病理生理学方面的先驱者之一。在 20 世纪初，杜里格是一位伟大的生理学家，他的知识涵盖了生理学的整个领域。他创立了一所著名的学校，他的学生遍布世界各地。他与许多同事和著名科学家保持着密切的联系，如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和西格蒙德·弗洛伊德。尽管他当时是一位极其多产且公认的生理学家和教师，但他的工作和生活在 21 世纪初甚至不为高原生理学家所熟知。因此，本文概述了杜里格的生平与工作，重点介绍了他在中海拔和高海拔地区进行的最重要的科学研究，试图为 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初高原研究的发展提供一些线索，并从当前的角度进行了一些评论。
