University of Alberta, Canada.
Med Teach. 2012;34(10):792-5. doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2012.684914. Epub 2012 Sep 21.
One effective way to help prepare medical students for clinical training is the implementation of a near-peer shadowing program, in which pre-clinical trainees shadow clinical trainees.
This article describes techniques for ensuring the effectiveness of a near-peer shadowing program in the hope of improving the preparedness of students for clinical training.
A list of 12 tips were developed by combining a review of the literature with a reflection upon the authors' own experiences with developing a near-peer shadowing program, in which first-year medical students shadowed first-year residents.
Both successes and failures were identified, both in the literature and in the author's own experiences. These can be used to inform the development of future programs.
A near-peer shadowing program has the strong potential to play a key role in preparing students to enter clinical training. These 12 tips, drawn from the literature and our own experience, will maximize the benefits for both student and tutor learning and minimize the potential pitfalls encountered by other programs.
实施医学生近程影子计划（即让临床前受训者跟随临床受训者学习）是帮助医学生为临床培训做准备的有效方法之一。
本文旨在介绍确保近程影子计划有效性的技巧，以期提高学生对临床培训的准备程度。
通过文献回顾并结合作者自身开发近程影子计划（即让医学生跟随住院医师学习）的经验，总结出 12 条技巧。
在文献和作者自身经验中，均发现了成功和失败的案例。这些案例可用于指导未来项目的开发。
近程影子计划在帮助学生为进入临床培训做准备方面具有很大的潜力。本文提出的这 12 条技巧借鉴了文献和我们自身的经验，将最大限度地提高学生和导师学习的益处，并最大限度地减少其他计划可能遇到的潜在问题。
