Alvarenga A L N, Chiarini-Garcia H, Cardeal P C, Moreira L P, Foxcroft G R, Fontes D O, Almeida F R C L
Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Reprodução, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Reprod Fertil Dev. 2013;25(2):387-95. doi: 10.1071/RD12021.
The present study investigated the occurrence of intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) in newborn (n=40) and 150-day-old (n=240) pigs of different birthweight ranges (high, HW: 1.8-2.2kg; low, LW: 0.8-1.2kg) from higher-parity commercial sows and its impact on their subsequent development and carcass traits in a Brazilian commercial production system. HW newborn pigs had heavier organs than LW pigs (P<0.01), and all brain:organ weight ratios were higher (P<0.01) in LW compared with HW offspring, providing strong evidence of IUGR in the LW piglets. HW pigs had higher bodyweights and average daily gain (ADG) in all phases of production (P<0.05), but ADG in the finisher phase was similar in both groups. Additionally, LW newborn and 150-day-old pigs showed a lower percentage of muscle fibres and a higher percentage of connective tissue in the semitendinosus muscle, greater fibre number per mm(2) and a lower height of the duodenal mucosa (P<0.05). On the other hand, HW pigs had higher hot carcass weight, meat content in the carcass and yield of ham, shoulder and belly (P<0.01). Hence, lower-birthweight piglets may suffer from IUGR, which impairs their growth performance, muscle accretion, duodenal mucosa morphology and carcass traits.
本研究调查了来自巴西商业生产系统中不同胎次的商业母猪所产不同出生体重范围（高体重，HW：1.8 - 2.2千克；低体重，LW：0.8 - 1.2千克）的新生仔猪（n = 40）和150日龄仔猪（n = 240）中宫内生长迟缓（IUGR）的发生情况及其对它们后续发育和胴体性状的影响。HW新生仔猪的器官比LW仔猪重（P<0.01），并且与HW后代相比，LW仔猪的所有脑:器官重量比更高（P<0.01），这为LW仔猪存在IUGR提供了有力证据。HW仔猪在生产的各个阶段体重和平均日增重（ADG）都更高（P<0.05），但育肥阶段两组的ADG相似。此外，LW新生仔猪和150日龄仔猪的半腱肌中肌纤维百分比更低，结缔组织百分比更高，每平方毫米的纤维数量更多，十二指肠黏膜高度更低（P<0.05）。另一方面，HW仔猪的热胴体重、胴体肉含量以及火腿、肩部和腹部的产量更高（P<0.01）。因此，低出生体重仔猪可能患有IUGR，这会损害它们的生长性能、肌肉生长、十二指肠黏膜形态和胴体性状。
