Department of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:758641. doi: 10.1155/2012/758641. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
Survivors of breast cancer are faced with a multitude of medical and psychological impairments during and after treatment and throughout their lifespan. Physical exercise has been shown to improve survival and recurrence in this population. Mind-body interventions combine a light-moderate intensity physical exercise with mindfulness, thus having the potential to improve both physical and psychological sequelae of breast cancer treatments. We conducted a review of mindfulness-based physical exercise interventions which included yoga, tai chi chuan, Pilates, and qigong, in breast cancer survivors. Among the mindfulness-based interventions, yoga was significantly more studied in this population as compared to tai chi chuan, Pilates, and qigong. The participants and the outcomes of the majority of the studies reviewed were heterogeneous, and the population included was generally not selected for symptoms. Yoga was shown to improve fatigue in a few methodologically strong studies, providing reasonable evidence for benefit in this population. Improvements were also seen in sleep, anxiety, depression, distress, quality of life, and postchemotherapy nausea and vomiting in the yoga studies. Tai chi chuan, Pilates, and qigong were not studied sufficiently in breast cancer survivors in order to be implemented in clinical practice.
乳腺癌幸存者在治疗期间和治疗后以及整个生命周期中都面临着多种身体和心理障碍。运动已被证明可以提高该人群的生存率和降低复发率。身心干预将中低强度的身体运动与正念相结合，因此有可能改善乳腺癌治疗的身体和心理后遗症。我们对包括瑜伽、太极拳、普拉提和气功在内的基于正念的身体运动干预措施进行了综述，这些干预措施对乳腺癌幸存者有效。在基于正念的干预措施中，瑜伽在该人群中的研究明显多于太极拳、普拉提和气功。大多数综述研究的参与者和结果都是异质的，且研究对象通常不是根据症状选择的。瑜伽在少数方法学上较强的研究中显示出可以改善疲劳，为该人群带来了合理的益处。在瑜伽研究中，睡眠、焦虑、抑郁、苦恼、生活质量以及化疗后恶心和呕吐也有所改善。太极拳、普拉提和气功在乳腺癌幸存者中的研究还不够充分，无法在临床实践中实施。
