Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Guggenheim 611C, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MI 55905, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012 Aug;11(8):985-94. doi: 10.1586/erv.12.61.
Annual vaccination against seasonal influenza is recommended to decrease disease-related mortality and morbidity. However, one population that responds suboptimally to influenza vaccine is adults over the age of 65 years. The natural aging process is associated with a complex deterioration of multiple components of the host immune system. Research into this phenomenon, known as immunosenescence, has shown that aging alters both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system. The intricate mechanisms involved in immune response to influenza vaccine, and how these responses are altered with age, have led us to adopt a more encompassing systems biology approach to understand exactly why the response to vaccination diminishes with age. Here, the authors review what changes occur with immunosenescence, and some immunogenetic factors that influence response, and outline the systems biology approach to understand the immune response to seasonal influenza vaccination in older adults.
建议每年接种季节性流感疫苗，以降低与疾病相关的死亡率和发病率。然而，对流感疫苗反应不佳的人群之一是年龄在 65 岁以上的成年人。自然衰老过程与宿主免疫系统多个成分的复杂恶化有关。对这一现象的研究被称为免疫衰老，表明衰老改变了免疫系统的固有和适应性分支。涉及流感疫苗免疫反应的复杂机制，以及这些反应随年龄的变化，使我们采用更全面的系统生物学方法来确切了解为什么随着年龄的增长，疫苗接种的反应会减弱。在这里，作者回顾了免疫衰老时发生的变化，以及一些影响反应的免疫遗传因素，并概述了系统生物学方法，以了解老年人对季节性流感疫苗接种的免疫反应。
