Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Transl Med. 2012 Sep 24;10:201. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-201.
Helium inhalation protects myocardium, brain and endothelium against ischemia/reperfusion injury in animals and humans, when applied according to specific "conditioning" protocols. Before widespread use of this "conditioning" agent in clinical practice, negative side effects have to be ruled out. We investigated the effect of prolonged helium inhalation on the responsiveness of the human immune response in whole blood ex vivo.
Male healthy volunteers inhaled 30 minutes heliox (79%He/21%O(2)) or air in a cross over design, with two weeks between measurements. Blood was withdrawn at T0 (baseline), T1 (25 min inhalation) and T2-T5 (1, 2, 6, 24 h after inhalation) and incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), T-cell stimuli anti-CD3/ anti-CD28 (TCS) or RPMI (as control) for 2, 4 and 24 hours or not incubated (0 h). An additional group of six volunteers inhaled 60 minutes of heliox or air, followed by blood incubation with LPS and RPMI. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) was analyzed by cytometric bead array. Statistical analysis was performed by the Wilcoxon test for matched samples.
Incubation with LPS, LTA or TCS significantly increased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ and IL-2 in comparison to incubation with RPMI alone. Thirty min of helium inhalation did not influence the amounts of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ and IL-2 in comparison to air. Sixty min of helium inhalation did not affect cytokine production after LPS stimulation.
We conclude that 79% helium inhalation does not affect the responsiveness of the human immune system in healthy volunteers.
Dutch Trial Register: http://www.trialregister.nl/ NTR2152.
氦气吸入通过特定的“预处理”方案可保护动物和人类的心肌、大脑和内皮免受缺血/再灌注损伤。在这种“预处理”剂广泛应用于临床实践之前，必须排除其负面的副作用。我们研究了长时间氦气吸入对人体全血体外免疫反应的影响。
男性健康志愿者交叉设计吸入氦氧混合气（79%氦气/21%氧气）或空气 30 分钟，两次测量之间间隔两周。在 T0（基线）、T1（吸入 25 分钟）和 T2-T5（吸入后 1、2、6 和 24 小时）时采集血液，并与脂多糖（LPS）、脂磷壁酸（LTA）、T 细胞刺激物抗-CD3/抗-CD28（TCS）或 RPMI（对照）孵育 2、4 和 24 小时或不孵育（0 小时）。一组六名志愿者吸入氦氧混合气或空气 60 分钟，然后用 LPS 和 RPMI 孵育血液。通过流式细胞术微珠阵列分析肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）和白细胞介素-2（IL-2）。采用配对样本 Wilcoxon 检验进行统计学分析。
与单独用 RPMI 孵育相比，LPS、LTA 或 TCS 孵育明显增加了 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IFN-γ和 IL-2。与空气相比，30 分钟氦气吸入对 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IFN-γ和 IL-2 的含量没有影响。60 分钟氦气吸入不影响 LPS 刺激后的细胞因子产生。
我们的结论是，79%的氦气吸入不会影响健康志愿者的人类免疫系统反应性。
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