Barin F, Rouzioux C
Laboratoire de virologie, CHRU Bretonneau, Paris.
Rev Prat. 1990 Jan 11;40(2):99-103.
The virological diagnosis of HIV infection in pregnant women mainly consists of detecting antibodies to structural viral antigens. The difficulty lies more in the interpretation of the confirmatory assay than in technical problems. The result is critical since the continuation or interruption of pregnancy is dependent upon it. The diagnosis of HIV infection in newborns has been hampered by the presence of passively acquired maternal antibodies. The diagnosis at birth therefore must include culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells for virus isolation and detection of serum antigen. However, due to the difficulty or lack of sensitivity of these tests new diagnostic procedures, such as the polymerase chain reaction, must be developed to improve the accuracy of the early diagnosis. Such new approaches must be evaluated very carefully before being introduced in routine diagnosis.
孕妇HIV感染的病毒学诊断主要包括检测针对病毒结构抗原的抗体。困难更多在于确证试验的解读，而非技术问题。结果至关重要，因为妊娠的继续或终止取决于此。新生儿HIV感染的诊断因被动获得的母体抗体的存在而受到阻碍。因此，出生时的诊断必须包括用于病毒分离的外周血单个核细胞培养和血清抗原检测。然而，由于这些检测存在困难或缺乏敏感性，必须开发新的诊断程序，如聚合酶链反应，以提高早期诊断的准确性。在引入常规诊断之前，必须非常仔细地评估这些新方法。
