Department of Vision and Hearing Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Oct 19;53(11):7227-34. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-10404.
To determine factors associated with the level of adjustment to vision loss in a cross-sectional sample of adults with mixed visual impairment.
One hundred participants were administered the Acceptance and Self-Worth Adjustment Scale (AS-WAS) to assess adjustment to vision loss. The severity of vision loss was determined using binocular clinical visual function assessments including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, reading performance, and visual fields. Key demographics including age, duration of visual impairment, general health, education, and living arrangements were evaluated, as were self-reported vision-related activity limitation (VRAL), depression, social support, and personality.
Multivariate analysis showed that higher levels of depressive symptoms (β = -0.26, P < 0.01) and of the personality trait neuroticism (β = -0.33, P < 0.001), and lower levels of the personality trait of conscientiousness (β = 0.29, P < 0.01), were associated with poorer adjustment to vision loss, explaining 56% variance.
Adjustment to vision loss is significantly associated with depression and certain traits of personality (specifically neuroticism and conscientiousness), independent of the severity of vision loss, VRAL, and duration of vision loss. The results suggest certain individuals may be predisposed to exhibiting less adjustment to vision loss due to personality characteristics, and exhibit poorer adjustment owing to or as a consequence of depression, rather than due to other factors such as the onset and severity of visual impairment.
在混合视力障碍成年人的横断面样本中，确定与视觉丧失适应水平相关的因素。
对 100 名参与者进行接受和自我价值调整量表（AS-WAS）评估，以评估对视力丧失的适应情况。使用双眼临床视觉功能评估来确定视力丧失的严重程度，包括视力、对比敏感度、阅读能力和视野。评估了关键人口统计学数据，包括年龄、视力障碍持续时间、总体健康状况、教育程度和生活安排，以及自我报告的视力相关活动受限（VRAL）、抑郁、社会支持和人格。
多变量分析显示，较高水平的抑郁症状（β=-0.26，P<0.01）和神经质人格特质（β=-0.33，P<0.001），以及较低水平的尽责人格特质（β=0.29，P<0.01）与对视力丧失的适应较差相关，解释了 56%的方差。
对视力丧失的适应与抑郁和某些人格特质（特别是神经质和尽责性）显著相关，与视力丧失的严重程度、VRAL 和视力丧失持续时间无关。结果表明，某些人由于人格特征可能倾向于表现出对视力丧失的适应较差，并由于抑郁或因此导致较差的适应，而不是由于其他因素，如视力损害的发生和严重程度。
