Department of Pathology, Centre Jean-Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Ann Oncol. 2012 Aug;23 Suppl 6:vi19-22. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mds190.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease diagnosed by immunohistochemistry and is characterised by tumours that do not express estrogen receptor (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) at all, and do not overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Prototypical TNBC is aggressive in nature and associated with a poor prognosis, making the accurate diagnosis of the disease vitally important for ensuring optimal therapy for patients. Morphological and biological analyses can identify subtypes of TNBC, which can have different prognoses, and (in the case of the latter) may eventually be used to predict response to treatment. This mini-review focuses on clinically relevant issues in the diagnosis of TNBC, including the importance of adherence to international guidelines for the detection of ER/PR/HER2 status, and the relationship between TNBC and the overlapping (yet distinct) intrinsic subtype of 'basal-like' breast cancer. In addition, we review the potential use of emerging biomarkers as surrogates for molecular subtypes and as a means of identifying potential responders to new therapies.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）是一种通过免疫组织化学诊断的异质性疾病，其特征是肿瘤完全不表达雌激素受体（ER）或孕激素受体（PR），并且不过度表达人表皮生长因子受体 2（HER2）。典型的 TNBC 具有侵袭性，预后不良，因此准确诊断疾病对于确保为患者提供最佳治疗至关重要。形态学和生物学分析可以确定 TNBC 的亚型，这些亚型具有不同的预后，并且（在后一种情况下）最终可能用于预测对治疗的反应。这篇迷你综述重点关注 TNBC 诊断中的临床相关问题，包括遵守国际指南检测 ER/PR/HER2 状态的重要性，以及 TNBC 与重叠（但不同）的“基底样”乳腺癌内在亚型之间的关系。此外，我们还综述了新兴生物标志物作为分子亚型替代物的潜在用途，以及作为识别对新疗法有反应的潜在患者的一种手段。
