Stern M P, Rosenthal M, Haffner S M, Hazuda H P, Franco L J
Am J Epidemiol. 1984 Dec;120(6):834-51. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113956.
The authors postulated that as Mexican Americans became more affluent and/or acculturated to "mainstream" United States life-style they would progressively lose their "obesity-related" pattern of cardiovascular risk factors which were defined as: obesity, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia and low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. This hypothesis was tested in 1979-1982 in the San Antonio Heart Study, a population-based study on 1,288 Mexican Americans and 929 Anglos living in three San Antonio neighborhoods: a low-income barrio, a middle-income transitional neighborhood, and a high-income suburb. The study population comprised 25-65-year-old men and nonpregnant women. In Mexican American women, all of the "obesity-related" risk factors fell sharply with rising socioeconomic status. In Mexican American men, by contrast, diabetes was the only "obesity-related" risk factor which fell with rising socioeconomic status. Moreover, it fell less steeply, there being an approximately twofold difference in diabetes prevalence between the barrio and the suburbs in men compared to a fourfold difference in women. Also, total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol rose with rising socioeconomic status in Mexican American men, but not in Mexican American women. "Obesity-related" risk factors were generally higher in Mexican Americans of both sexes than in their Anglo neighbors who were of similar socioeconomic status. These results suggest that cultural factors exert a stronger influence on diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican Americans than do purely socioeconomic factors.
作者推测，随着墨西哥裔美国人变得更加富裕和/或适应“主流”美国生活方式，他们将逐渐失去其“与肥胖相关”的心血管危险因素模式，这些因素被定义为：肥胖、糖尿病、高甘油三酯血症和低水平的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。1979年至1982年在圣安东尼奥心脏研究中对这一假设进行了检验，该研究是一项基于人群的研究，涉及居住在圣安东尼奥三个社区的1288名墨西哥裔美国人和929名盎格鲁人：一个低收入社区、一个中等收入过渡社区和一个高收入郊区。研究人群包括25至65岁的男性和未怀孕的女性。在墨西哥裔美国女性中，所有“与肥胖相关”的危险因素都随着社会经济地位的提高而急剧下降。相比之下，在墨西哥裔美国男性中，糖尿病是唯一随着社会经济地位提高而下降的“与肥胖相关”的危险因素。此外，其下降幅度较小，男性社区和郊区之间的糖尿病患病率差异约为两倍，而女性为四倍。此外，墨西哥裔美国男性的总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇随着社会经济地位的提高而上升，但墨西哥裔美国女性则不然。在社会经济地位相似的情况下，墨西哥裔美国人两性的“与肥胖相关”危险因素普遍高于他们的盎格鲁邻居。这些结果表明，文化因素对墨西哥裔美国人的糖尿病和心血管危险因素的影响比单纯的社会经济因素更强。
