Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2012 Dec;59(6):476-81. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12015. Epub 2012 Oct 1.
The epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in North Africa is complicated by the co-circulation of endemic FMD viruses (FMDV), as well as sporadic incursions of exotic viral strains from the Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa. This report describes the molecular characterization of SAT 2 FMD viruses that have caused widespread field outbreaks of FMD in Egypt during February and March 2012. Phylogenetic analysis showed that viruses from these outbreaks fell into two distinct lineages within the SAT 2 topotype VII, which were distinct from a contemporary SAT 2 lineage of the same toptype from Libya. These were the first FMD outbreaks due to this serotype in Egypt since 1950 and required the development of a tailored real-time reverse-transcription PCR assay that can be used in the laboratory to distinguish FMD viruses of these lineages from other endemic FMD viruses that might be present in North Africa. These data highlight the ease by which FMDV can cross international boundaries and emphasize the importance of deploying systems to continuously monitor the global epidemiology of this disease.
口蹄疫（FMD）在北非的流行情况较为复杂，原因是地方性 FMD 病毒（FMDV）的循环传播，以及中东和撒哈拉以南非洲偶发性外来病毒株的传入。本报告描述了在 2012 年 2 月和 3 月期间，导致埃及广泛暴发口蹄疫的 SAT 2 型 FMD 病毒的分子特征。系统进化分析表明，这些暴发的病毒属于 SAT 2 拓扑型 VII 中的两个不同谱系，与来自利比亚的同一拓扑型的当代 SAT 2 谱系不同。这是自 1950 年以来埃及首次发生该血清型的口蹄疫，需要开发一种定制的实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测方法，以便在实验室中区分这些谱系的 FMD 病毒与可能存在于北非的其他地方性 FMD 病毒。这些数据突出了 FMDV 很容易跨越国际边界的特点，并强调了部署系统以持续监测这种疾病全球流行病学的重要性。
