Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012 Nov;5(11):1260-72. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-12-0140. Epub 2012 Oct 3.
Obesity is associated with increased risk and poor prognosis for many types of cancer. The mechanisms underlying the obesity-cancer link are becoming increasingly clear and provide multiple opportunities for primary to tertiary prevention. Several obesity-related host factors can influence tumor initiation, progression and/or response to therapy, and these have been implicated as key contributors to the complex effects of obesity on cancer incidence and outcomes. These host factors include insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, leptin, adiponectin, steroid hormones, cytokines, and inflammation-related molecules. Each of these host factors is considered in the context of energy balance and as potential targets for cancer prevention. The possibility of prevention at the systems level, including energy restriction, dietary composition, and exercise is considered as is the importance of the newly emerging field of stem cell research as a model for studying energy balance and cancer prevention.
肥胖与多种癌症的风险增加和预后不良有关。肥胖与癌症之间的联系的机制越来越清楚，并为一级至三级预防提供了多个机会。几种与肥胖相关的宿主因素可影响肿瘤的发生、进展和/或对治疗的反应，这些因素被认为是肥胖对癌症发病率和结果的复杂影响的关键因素。这些宿主因素包括胰岛素、胰岛素样生长因子-I、瘦素、脂联素、甾体激素、细胞因子和与炎症相关的分子。在考虑能量平衡的情况下，以及作为癌症预防的潜在靶点，考虑了这些宿主因素中的每一个。包括能量限制、饮食成分和运动在内的系统水平预防的可能性，以及作为研究能量平衡和癌症预防模型的新兴干细胞研究领域的重要性也在考虑之中。
