Zeidenstein L
University Hospital Health Science Center, Brooklyn Midwifery Practice, New York.
J Nurse Midwifery. 1990 Jan-Feb;35(1):10-8. doi: 10.1016/0091-2182(90)90052-7.
This descriptive study explored how self-identification as lesbian ("coming out") affected gynecological and childbearing needs and experiences. Twenty interviews were conducted using a researcher-designed interview schedule. The majority of lesbians disclosed their sexual/affectional identity to providers ostensibly to negate heterosexual assumptions. Fear and the unpleasantness of coming out influenced the majority to postpone gynecological care or to seek lesbian-sensitive providers. Half of the participants had gone to ob/gyn appointments accompanied by the partner. Traditional health history questions about marital status, sexual activity, and birth control elicited inaccurate information from participants. Participants believed important qualities in providers to be: sensitivity, knowledge about lesbian sexuality, and female gender. Providers need to learn clues of lesbian identification or coming out; they should also strive to use inclusive gender words and remove heterosexual assumptions. Seventy percent of participants desired children; alternative insemination was an accepted method of conception to most. Midwives can play a special role with lesbians desiring pregnancy and children.
这项描述性研究探讨了自我认同为女同性恋者（“出柜”）如何影响妇科和生育需求及经历。使用研究者设计的访谈提纲进行了20次访谈。大多数女同性恋者向医疗服务提供者披露她们的性取向/情感身份，表面上是为了消除异性恋假设。出柜的恐惧和不愉快促使大多数人推迟妇科护理或寻找对女同性恋者敏感的医疗服务提供者。一半的参与者在伴侣的陪同下去看妇产科医生。关于婚姻状况、性活动和节育的传统健康史问题从参与者那里得到了不准确的信息。参与者认为医疗服务提供者应具备的重要品质包括：敏感度、对女同性恋性行为的了解以及女性性别。医疗服务提供者需要了解女同性恋身份认同或出柜的线索；他们还应努力使用包容性的性别词汇并消除异性恋假设。70%的参与者想要孩子；对大多数人来说，非配偶人工授精是一种可接受的受孕方式。助产士在渴望怀孕和生育的女同性恋者中可以发挥特殊作用。
