大学生使用在线营养教育后，奶制品摄入量和相关自我调节能力得到改善。

Dairy intake and related self-regulation improved in college students using online nutrition education.

机构信息

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Health Behavior and Society, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

出版信息

J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 Dec;112(12):1976-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.07.026. Epub 2012 Oct 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.jand.2012.07.026

PMID:23044035

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Dairy intake by college students is markedly lower than recommendations. Interventions to improve dairy intake based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) have potential to successfully change behavior by improving mediators that influence dietary choices.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to use SCT to improve social support, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, self-regulation, and behavior related to dairy intake in college students.

DESIGN

We conducted a randomized nutrition education intervention.

PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants included 211 college students (mean age 20.2 ± 0.1 years; 63% women and 37% men) recruited from a university campus. Participants in the intervention group (n=107) and comparison group (n=104) received an 8-week dairy intake or stress management intervention, respectively, via electronic mail. Data collection included dairy intake from 7-day food records and SCT variables from questionnaires administered during January 2008 and April 2008.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Changes in dairy intake and SCT variables (ie, social support, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and self-regulation).

STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED

Multivariate analysis of covariance, with age and sex as covariates (P<0.05).

RESULTS

Ninety-one percent of participants (n=97 intervention, n=94 comparison) provided data; complete data were analyzed for 85% of participants (n=90 intervention, n=89 comparison). Participants in the intervention group reported higher intake of total dairy foods (P=0.012) and improved use of self-regulation strategies for consuming three servings per day of total dairy (P=0.000) and low-fat dairy foods (P=0.002) following the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

Nutrition education via electronic mail based on an SCT model improved total dairy intake and self-regulation. Participants reported increased dairy intake and better use of self-regulation strategies. Future interventions should focus on benefits of consuming low-fat vs higher-fat dairy foods.

摘要

背景

大学生的乳制品摄入量明显低于推荐量。基于社会认知理论（SCT）的干预措施有可能通过改善影响饮食选择的中介因素来成功改变行为。

目的

我们旨在利用 SCT 提高大学生的社会支持、自我效能、结果预期、自我调节和与乳制品摄入相关的行为。

设计

我们进行了一项随机营养教育干预。

参与者/设置：参与者包括从大学校园招募的 211 名大学生（平均年龄 20.2±0.1 岁；63%为女性，37%为男性）。干预组（n=107）和对照组（n=104）分别通过电子邮件接受了为期 8 周的乳制品摄入或应激管理干预。数据收集包括 7 天食物记录中的乳制品摄入量和 2008 年 1 月至 4 月期间问卷调查中的 SCT 变量。

主要观察指标

乳制品摄入量和 SCT 变量（即社会支持、自我效能、结果预期和自我调节）的变化。

统计分析

协方差的多变量分析，以年龄和性别为协变量（P<0.05）。

结果

91%的参与者（n=97 干预组，n=94 对照组）提供了数据；85%的参与者（n=90 干预组，n=89 对照组）提供了完整的数据进行分析。干预组报告的总乳制品摄入量更高（P=0.012），并且在干预后，每天摄入三份总乳制品（P=0.000）和低脂乳制品（P=0.002）时，使用自我调节策略的情况更好。