Petry Vanessa, Bessa Giancarlo Resende, Poziomczyck Claudia Schermann, Oliveira Caio Fernando de, Weber Magda Blessmann, Bonamigo Renan Rangel, d'Azevedo Pedro Alves
Health Sciences Federal University of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2012 Sep-Oct;87(5):729-34. doi: 10.1590/s0365-05962012000500010.
Atopic Dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects a large number of children and adults. The disease results from an interaction between genetic predisposition, host environment, skin barrier defects, and immunological factors. A major aggravating factor associated with Atopic Dermatitis is the presence of microorganisms on the patient's skin surface. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, for instance, can exacerbate chronic skin inflammation. As a result, antimicrobials have often been prescribed to control the acute phase of the disease. However, increased bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents has made it difficult for dermatologists to prescribe appropriate medication. In the presence of disseminated dermatitis with secondary infection, systemic antibiotics need to be prescribed; however, treatment should be individualized, in an attempt to find the most effective antibiotic with fewer side effects. Also, the medication should be used for as short as possible in order to minimize bacterial resistance.
特应性皮炎是一种影响大量儿童和成人的慢性炎症性皮肤病。该疾病是由遗传易感性、宿主环境、皮肤屏障缺陷和免疫因素之间的相互作用引起的。与特应性皮炎相关的一个主要加重因素是患者皮肤表面存在微生物。例如，金黄色葡萄球菌和化脓性链球菌可加剧慢性皮肤炎症。因此，抗菌药物常常被用于控制疾病的急性期。然而，细菌对抗菌药物的耐药性增加使得皮肤科医生难以开出合适的药物。在存在播散性皮炎并伴有继发感染的情况下，需要开具全身性抗生素；然而，治疗应个体化，试图找到副作用较少的最有效抗生素。此外，药物应尽可能短时间使用，以尽量减少细菌耐药性。
