Hermans H, Wieland J, Jelluma N, Van der Pas F, Evenhuis H
Intellectual Disability Medicine, Department of General Practice, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Kristal, Centre for Psychiatry and Intellectual Disability, Leiden, The Netherlands.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2013 Aug;57(8):728-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01632.x. Epub 2012 Oct 10.
In the Netherlands, no self-report screening questionnaire for anxiety in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) was available yet. Therefore, we have translated the Glasgow Anxiety Scale for people with an Intellectual Disability (GAS-ID) into Dutch and studied its reliability and validity in adults with borderline, mild or moderate ID.
Test-retest reliability was studied in 66 participants, convergent validity against the Anxiety sub-scale of the Hospital, Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A) in 96, and criterion validity against psychiatric diagnosis in 195 participants.
Internal consistency was α = 0.86 and test-retest reliability ICC = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.82-0.93). Correlation with the HADS-A was r = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.47-0.72); sensitivity was 83.9% (95% CI: 72.2-91.2) and specificity was 51.8% (95% CI: 43.6-59.9) using a cut-off score of 17. Missed diagnoses (false-negatives) were mostly specific phobias. Of the false-positives, 38 of 66 participants (58%) had another psychiatric diagnosis.
The Dutch version of the GAS-ID is a reliable screening instrument with satisfactory sensitivity, but moderate specificity for anxiety disorders. Although specificity for anxiety disorders is only moderate, high scores appear to be indicative of other psychiatric problems too, justifying referral for psychiatric assessment of false-positives.
在荷兰，尚未有针对智障人士焦虑症的自我报告筛查问卷。因此，我们将格拉斯哥智障人士焦虑量表（GAS-ID）翻译成荷兰语，并研究了其在边缘性、轻度或中度智障成年人中的信度和效度。
对66名参与者进行重测信度研究，对96名参与者进行与医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS-A）焦虑子量表的收敛效度研究，对195名参与者进行与精神科诊断的效标效度研究。
内部一致性α = 0.86，重测信度ICC = 0.89（95%置信区间：0.82 - 0.93）。与HADS-A的相关性r = 0.61（95%置信区间：0.47 - 0.72）；使用截断分数17时，敏感性为83.9%（95%置信区间：72.2 - 91.2），特异性为51.8%（95%置信区间：43.6 - 59.9）。漏诊（假阴性）大多为特定恐惧症。在假阳性中，66名参与者中有38名（58%）有其他精神科诊断。
荷兰版GAS-ID是一种可靠的筛查工具，具有令人满意的敏感性，但对焦虑症的特异性一般。虽然对焦虑症的特异性一般，但高分似乎也表明存在其他精神问题，这证明对假阳性进行精神科评估是合理的。
