Brener Stela, Ferreira Angela Melgaço, de Carvalho Ricardo Vilas Freire, do Valle Marcele Cunha Ribeiro, Souza Helio Moraes
Research Department, Fundação Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazi.
Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2012;34(2):80-5. doi: 10.5581/1516-8484.20120027.
Despite significant advances, the practice of blood transfusion is still a complex process and subject to risks. Factors that influence the safety of blood transfusion include technical skill and knowledge in hemotherapy mainly obtained by the qualification and training of teams.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between professional categories working in transfusion services of the public blood bank network in the State of Minas Gerais and their performance in proficiency tests.
This was an observational cross-sectional study (2007-2008) performed using a specific instrument, based on evidence and the results of immunohematology proficiency tests as mandated by law.
The error rates in ABO and RhD phenotyping, irregular antibody screening and cross-matching were 12.5%, 9.6%, 43.8% and 20.1%, respectively. When considering the number of tests performed, the error rates were 4.6%, 4.2%, 26.7% and 11.0%, respectively. The error rates varied for different professional categories: biochemists, biologists and biomedical scientists (65.0%), clinical pathology technicians (44.1%) and laboratory assistants, nursing technicians and assistant nurses (74.6%). A statistically significant difference was observed when the accuracy of clinical pathology technicians was compared with those of other professionals with only high school education (p-value < 0.001). This was not seen for professionals with university degrees (p-value = 0.293).
These results reinforce the need to invest in training, improvement of educational programs, new teaching methods and tools for periodic evaluations, contributing to increase transfusion safety and improve hemotherapy in Brazil.
尽管取得了重大进展，但输血实践仍然是一个复杂的过程，且存在风险。影响输血安全的因素包括血液治疗方面的技术技能和知识，这些主要通过团队的资质和培训获得。
本研究旨在调查米纳斯吉拉斯州公立血库网络输血服务部门的专业类别与其在能力测试中的表现之间的关系。
这是一项观察性横断面研究（2007 - 2008年），使用一种基于证据和法律规定的免疫血液学能力测试结果的特定工具进行。
ABO和RhD血型鉴定、不规则抗体筛查及交叉配血的错误率分别为12.5%、9.6%、43.8%和20.1%。若考虑所进行的测试数量，错误率分别为4.6%、4.2%、26.7%和11.0%。不同专业类别的错误率有所不同：生物化学家、生物学家和生物医学科学家（65.0%）、临床病理技术员（44.1%）以及实验室助理、护理技术员和助理护士（74.6%）。将临床病理技术员的准确性与其他仅有高中教育程度的专业人员进行比较时观察到有统计学显著差异（p值 < 0.001）。而对于拥有大学学位的专业人员则未观察到这种差异（p值 = 0.293）。
这些结果强化了在培训、改进教育项目、采用新教学方法以及用于定期评估的工具方面进行投资的必要性，有助于提高巴西的输血安全性并改善血液治疗。
