Rudrappan Raj Bharath
Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2019 Feb 15;8:48. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_293_18. eCollection 2019.
Blood transfusion service is an important part of our healthcare system whose aim is to provide safe, effective blood components for the patient's requirement. The laboratory technicians and nurses working in the blood bank form the core for the effective functioning of blood bank. The study was to analyze the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses and paramedics such as laboratory technicians working in blood banks and whether intervention of a training program had any benefit to the participants.
This study was conducted in our department which is a regional training center approved by the National AIDS Control Organization for training medical officers, laboratory technicians, and staff nurses working in blood banks. There were a total number of 48 government run hospital blood banks who participated in the study and we conducted six training programs for 43 nurses and 64 laboratory technicians working in blood banks from the southern states of Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry in India. The training program was for 5 days for technicians and 3 days for nurses with theory sessions followed by hands on practical classes regarding the daily activities in blood bank. They were given a pre-evaluation questionnaire to test their knowledge, attitude, and practice followed by a post evaluation questionnaire after conducting the training program.
The mean percentage score in the pre evaluation test before the training program for nurses and technicians was 47% and 53% while after the training program; the mean percentage was 66.8% and 77% which was statistically significant in both the groups. The correct blood bank practices followed by nurses and laboratory technicians overall were 67% and 75%, respectively. The technicians and nurses scored poorly in blood bank practices related to hemovigilance.
Regular and standardized training can lead to improvements in the knowledge, skills, and practice of nurses and paramedics who provide blood transfusion services. The constraints faced by the nurses and paramedical personnel needs to be addressed for the overall betterment of blood transfusion services.
The increase in the knowledge subsequently contributed to a better practice in the technicians. The concept of haemovigilance and error reporting has to be stressed on the nurses and paramedics to improve their good practices.
输血服务是我们医疗保健系统的重要组成部分，其目的是根据患者需求提供安全、有效的血液成分。在血库工作的实验室技术人员和护士是血库有效运作的核心。本研究旨在分析在血库工作的护士和诸如实验室技术人员等医护辅助人员的知识、态度和实践情况，以及培训项目的干预对参与者是否有任何益处。
本研究在我们科室进行，该科室是经国家艾滋病控制组织批准的区域培训中心，负责培训在血库工作的医务人员、实验室技术人员和护士。共有48家政府运营的医院血库参与了本研究，我们为来自印度泰米尔纳德邦和本地治里南部各邦的43名护士和64名在血库工作的实验室技术人员开展了6期培训项目。培训项目技术人员为期5天，护士为期3天，包括理论课程，随后是关于血库日常活动的实践操作课程。在培训项目开展前，给他们发放了一份预评估问卷以测试他们的知识、态度和实践情况，培训项目结束后发放了一份后评估问卷。
在培训项目前，护士和技术人员预评估测试的平均百分比分数分别为47%和53%，而培训项目后，平均百分比分别为66.8%和77%，两组均具有统计学意义。护士和实验室技术人员总体上正确的血库操作分别为67%和75%。技术人员和护士在与血液警戒相关的血库操作方面得分较低。
定期和标准化培训可提高提供输血服务的护士和医护辅助人员的知识、技能和实践水平。为了输血服务的整体改善，需要解决护士和医护人员面临的制约因素。
知识的增加随后有助于技术人员更好地实践。必须向护士和医护辅助人员强调血液警戒和错误报告的概念，以改善他们的良好操作。
