Eiland Lea S
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy, Huntsville, Alabama.
J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Apr;14(2):75-85. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-14.2.75.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a common virus that infects children and adults; however, children younger than two years of age tend to develop more serious respiratory symptoms. RSV is responsible for thousands of outpatient visits (e.g., emergency room/primary care physician), hospitalizations and can result in death. Treatment is primarily supportive care and the illness resolves without complications in most children. RSV prophylaxis with palivizumab is an option for high-risk infants and children, which can decrease hospitalization and length of stay. Immunocompromised patients are a special population of which ribavirin and palivizumab may be used for treatment. Currently, no medication or vaccine available has been able to show a reduction in mortality from RSV. Future vaccines are in the developmental stage and will hopefully decrease the symptomatic and economic burden of this disease.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是一种常见病毒，可感染儿童和成人；然而，两岁以下儿童往往会出现更严重的呼吸道症状。RSV导致数千人次门诊就诊（如急诊室/初级保健医生处）、住院，甚至可能导致死亡。治疗主要是支持性护理，大多数儿童的疾病可无并发症地痊愈。对高危婴儿和儿童可选择使用帕利珠单抗进行RSV预防，这可减少住院次数和住院时间。免疫功能低下患者是一个特殊群体，利巴韦林和帕利珠单抗可用于治疗。目前，尚无可用药物或疫苗能够降低RSV导致的死亡率。未来的疫苗正处于研发阶段，有望减轻这种疾病的症状负担和经济负担。
