Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Schmallenberg, Germany.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2013 Jan;32(1):181-8. doi: 10.1002/etc.2030. Epub 2012 Nov 21.
The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), for example, in textiles and cleaning products, means that they are likely to reach the environment via biosolids or the effluent from wastewater treatment plants. The aim of the present study was to determine the ecotoxicity of Ag-NPs in the earthworm reproduction test using Eisenia andrei. In addition to the usual endpoints, the authors also investigated the uptake and accumulation of Ag by adult earthworms and the concentration of free Ag(+) in soil pore water. Silver nanoparticles and Ag nitrate showed similar toxicities in the earthworm reproduction test. The uptake of Ag from Ag-NPs in the earthworm was slightly higher than the uptake of Ag from Ag nitrate. Spiked soils showed a concentration-dependent effect on reproduction, but there was no concentration-dependent increase in the amount of Ag in earthworm tissues. The authors noted a concentration-dependent increase in the levels of free Ag(+) in the soil pore water regardless of the Ag source. The number of juveniles is a more suitable endpoint than biomass or mortality. The uptake of Ag does not appear to inhibit reproduction. Instead, inhibition seems to reflect Ag(+) released into the soil pore water, which affects cocoons and juveniles in the soil. Analysis of transformed Ag-NPs after purification in wastewater treatment plants would provide additional information.
例如，由于银纳米粒子（Ag-NPs）被广泛应用于纺织品和清洁产品中，因此它们很可能通过生物固体或废水处理厂的废水进入环境。本研究的目的是使用赤子爱胜蚓（Eisenia andrei）来确定 Ag-NPs 在蚯蚓繁殖试验中的生态毒性。除了通常的终点外，作者还研究了成年蚯蚓对 Ag 的摄取和积累以及土壤孔隙水中游离 Ag(+)的浓度。Ag-NPs 和硝酸银在蚯蚓繁殖试验中表现出相似的毒性。从 Ag-NPs 中摄取的 Ag 略高于从 Ag 硝酸盐中摄取的 Ag。添加的土壤对繁殖表现出浓度依赖性的影响，但蚯蚓组织中 Ag 的含量没有浓度依赖性的增加。作者注意到无论 Ag 的来源如何，土壤孔隙水中游离 Ag(+)的水平都呈浓度依赖性增加。幼体数量是比生物量或死亡率更合适的终点。Ag 的摄取似乎不会抑制繁殖。相反，抑制似乎反映了释放到土壤孔隙水中的 Ag(+)，这会影响土壤中的茧和幼体。对废水处理厂中经过净化的转化 Ag-NPs 的分析将提供更多信息。
