Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 60/62, 4003, Basel, Switzerland.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2013 Jun;44(3):430-8. doi: 10.1007/s10578-012-0337-7.
The present study compared learning processes associated with panic-related symptoms in families with and without panic disordered mothers. Using a multi-informant approach, 86 mothers [of whom 58 had a primary diagnosis of panic disorder (PD)], their partners and teenage children (mean age, 16.67 years) reported about parents' behavior (modeling and operant learning) in response to children's and parents' experience of panic-related symptoms. Both, maternal and child reports revealed that mothers with PD were more likely to show panic-maintaining behavior and to involve their children in their own experience of panic-related symptoms than mothers without PD. Mothers with PD reported more often to be punished by others for their experience of panic-related symptoms than mothers without PD. Conversely, parent and child reports did not reveal differences between parents' reactions to their children's experience of panic-related symptoms in families with and without a PD mother. Given that mothers with PD were reported to behave differently in relation to their own experience of panic-related symptoms but not in relation to their children's experience of panic-related symptoms, the present study offers preliminary evidence that modeling, rather than operant learning, might affect children's sensitivity to somatic symptoms.
本研究比较了有和没有惊恐障碍母亲的家庭中与惊恐相关症状相关的学习过程。使用多信息源方法，86 名母亲（其中 58 名患有原发性惊恐障碍 (PD)）、她们的伴侣和十几岁的孩子（平均年龄 16.67 岁）报告了父母在应对孩子和父母惊恐相关症状体验时的行为（模仿和操作性学习）。母亲和孩子的报告都表明，患有 PD 的母亲比没有 PD 的母亲更有可能表现出维持惊恐的行为，并让孩子参与自己的惊恐相关症状体验。患有 PD 的母亲比没有 PD 的母亲更常因自己的惊恐相关症状体验而受到他人的惩罚。相反，父母和孩子的报告并没有揭示在有和没有 PD 母亲的家庭中，父母对孩子惊恐相关症状体验的反应存在差异。鉴于患有 PD 的母亲在自己的惊恐相关症状体验方面表现出不同的行为，但在孩子的惊恐相关症状体验方面没有表现出不同的行为，本研究初步提供了证据表明，模仿而不是操作性学习可能会影响孩子对躯体症状的敏感性。
