Golding J M, Burnam M A
School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1990 Mar;178(3):161-71. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199003000-00003.
This study assessed levels of depressive symptomatology in a household probability sample of Mexico-born (N = 706) and U.S.-born (N = 538) Mexican Americans. We hypothesized that immigration status differences in acculturation, strain, social resources, and social conflict, as well as differences in the associations of these variables with depression, would account for differences in depression between U.S.-born and Mexico-born respondents. U.S.-born Mexican Americans had higher depression scores than those born in Mexico. When cultural and social psychological variables were controlled in a multiple regression analysis, the immigrant status difference persisted. Tests of interaction terms suggested greater vulnerability to the effects of low acculturation and low educational attainment among the U.S.-born relative to those born in Mexico; however, the immigrant status difference persisted after controlling for these interactions. Unmeasured variables such as selective migration of persons with better coping skills, selective return of depressed immigrants, or generational differences in social comparison processes may account for the immigration status difference.
本研究评估了出生于墨西哥（N = 706）和出生于美国（N = 538）的墨西哥裔美国人家庭概率样本中的抑郁症状水平。我们假设，在文化适应、压力、社会资源和社会冲突方面的移民身份差异，以及这些变量与抑郁症关联的差异，将解释出生于美国和出生于墨西哥的受访者在抑郁症方面的差异。出生于美国的墨西哥裔美国人的抑郁得分高于出生在墨西哥的人。在多元回归分析中控制文化和社会心理变量后，移民身份差异依然存在。交互项检验表明，相对于出生在墨西哥的人，出生于美国的人更容易受到文化适应程度低和教育程度低的影响；然而，控制这些交互作用后，移民身份差异仍然存在。未测量的变量，如具有更好应对技能的人的选择性迁移、抑郁移民的选择性返回，或社会比较过程中的代际差异，可能解释了移民身份差异。
