Le Faou Anne-Laurence, Baha Monique
Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou (AP-HP), université Paris Diderot, UE 4067, PRES Paris Sorbonne Cité, centre d'addictologie, unité de tabacologie, 75015 Paris, France.
Presse Med. 2012 Dec;41(12 Pt 1):1279-85. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2012.07.035. Epub 2012 Oct 22.
In France, daily tobacco consumption increased among adults between 18 and 75 years between 2005 and 2010, particularly women. At 17 age-old, it raised 10% between 2008 and 2011 (32.7% in boys and 30.2% in girls). The number of cigarettes smoked per day decreased between 2005 and 2010 in France, from 15.4 to 13.9 cigarettes smoked per day. But active exposition to cigarette smoke and consequently to cigarette toxins exposure did not change and even increased. Tobacco prevention should follow the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which was signed in 2004 by French representatives. Smoking cessation methods include: minimal counseling provided by general practitioners (when given during a medical visit for another motive than smoking cessation, one out of 50 smokers stops); minimal counseling given by any health professional; and the smoking cessation services framework. Evidence-based medications associated with a non-pharmacologic support and with a regular follow-up significantly increase smoking cessation rates. Risk reduction by decreasing progressively tobacco consumption with the help of medications is only suggested nowadays.
在法国，2005年至2010年间，18至75岁成年人的每日烟草消费量有所增加，女性尤为明显。在17岁年龄段，2008年至2011年间消费量增长了10%（男孩为32.7%，女孩为30.2%）。2005年至2010年间，法国每日吸烟支数有所减少，从每天15.4支降至13.9支。但主动接触香烟烟雾以及因此接触香烟毒素的情况并未改变，甚至有所增加。烟草预防应遵循世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》，法国代表于2004年签署了该公约。戒烟方法包括：全科医生提供的最低限度咨询（当在因非戒烟原因进行的医疗就诊期间提供时，每50名吸烟者中有1人戒烟）；任何卫生专业人员提供的最低限度咨询；以及戒烟服务框架。与非药物支持和定期随访相关的循证药物可显著提高戒烟率。目前仅建议借助药物逐步减少烟草消费以降低风险。
