FacSogn og Fjordane University College, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Jul;27(7):1824-31. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318276b873.
Little is known about the effect of performing upper-body resistance exercises with dumbbells versus barbells and standing versus seated. Therefore, this study sought to compare electromyogram activity (EMG) and one-repetition maximum (1-RM) in barbell and dumbbell shoulder presses performed seated and standing. Fifteen healthy men volunteered for 1-RM and EMG testing with a load corresponding to 80% of the 1-RM. Electromyogram activity was measured in the anterior, medial, and posterior deltoids and biceps and triceps brachii. The following EMG differences or trends were observed: For deltoid anterior: ~11% lower for seated barbell versus dumbbell (p = 0.038), ~15% lower in standing barbell versus dumbbell (p < 0.001), ~8% lower for seated versus standing dumbbells (p = 0.070); For medial deltoid, ~7% lower for standing barbell versus dumbbells (p = 0.050), ~7% lower for seated versus standing barbell (p = 0.062), 15% lower for seated versus standing dumbbell (p = 0.008); For posterior deltoid: ~25% lower for seated versus standing barbell (p < 0.001), ~24% lower for seated versus standing dumbbells (p = 0.002); For biceps, ~33% greater for seated barbell versus dumbbells (p = 0.002), 16% greater for standing barbell versus dumbbell (p = 0.074), ~23% lower for seated versus standing dumbbells (p < 0.001); For triceps, ~39% greater for standing barbell versus dumbbells (p < 0.001), ~20% lower for seated versus standing barbell (p = 0.094). 1-RM strength for standing dumbbells was ~7% lower than standing barbell (p = 0.002) and ~10% lower than seated dumbbells (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the exercise with the greatest stability requirement (standing and dumbbells) demonstrated the highest neuromuscular activity of the deltoid muscles, although this was the exercise with the lowest 1-RM strength.
对于坐姿和站姿的杠铃和哑铃肩部推举，人们对于其对上半身抗阻运动的影响知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在比较坐姿和站姿的杠铃和哑铃肩推时三角肌和肱二头肌、肱三头肌的肌电图活动（EMG）和 1 次重复最大值（1-RM）。15 名健康男性志愿者进行了 1-RM 和 EMG 测试，使用相当于 1-RM 的 80%的负荷。测量了三角肌前束、中束和后束以及肱二头肌和肱三头肌的肌电图活动。观察到以下 EMG 差异或趋势：对于三角肌前束：坐姿杠铃与哑铃相比，降低约 11%（p = 0.038），站姿杠铃与哑铃相比，降低约 15%（p < 0.001），坐姿哑铃与站姿哑铃相比，降低约 8%（p = 0.070）；对于三角肌中束：站姿杠铃与哑铃相比，降低约 7%（p = 0.050），坐姿杠铃与站姿杠铃相比，降低约 7%（p = 0.062），坐姿哑铃与站姿哑铃相比，降低约 15%（p = 0.008）；对于三角肌后束：坐姿与站姿杠铃相比，降低约 25%（p < 0.001），坐姿与站姿哑铃相比，降低约 24%（p = 0.002）；对于肱二头肌：坐姿杠铃与哑铃相比，增加约 33%（p = 0.002），站姿杠铃与哑铃相比，增加约 16%（p = 0.074），坐姿哑铃与站姿哑铃相比，降低约 23%（p < 0.001）；对于肱三头肌：站姿杠铃与哑铃相比，增加约 39%（p < 0.001），坐姿杠铃与站姿杠铃相比，降低约 20%（p = 0.094）。站姿哑铃的 1-RM 力量比站姿杠铃低约 7%（p = 0.002），比坐姿哑铃低约 10%（p < 0.001）。综上所述，稳定性要求最高的运动（站姿和哑铃）显示出三角肌肌肉最高的神经肌肉活动，尽管其 1-RM 强度最低。
