Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología (ESCET), Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Chem Soc Rev. 2013 May 7;42(9):3792-807. doi: 10.1039/c2cs35221d.
Recent advances in the development of new materials are having a major impact on Analytical Chemistry. For example, the unique properties of ordered mesoporous silicas have been shown to enhance the analytical performance of many existing techniques or allow new, exciting ones to be developed. Likewise, the introduction of organo-functional groups makes mesoporous silicas highly versatile and enables them to perform specialized tasks, such as the adsorption of toxic heavy metals from aqueous solutions. In this tutorial review, we present readers with a brief introduction to the most relevant achievements in the preparation of hybrid mesoporous silicas functionalized with chelating ligands for the complexation of heavy metals. We also provide some recent examples from the last ten years regarding the analytical applications of such hybrid silicas. Two topics of great current interest in environmental water analysis for heavy metal detection, namely the use of hybrid mesoporous silicas as sorbents for solid-phase extraction and the use of these materials to develop new strategies for electrochemical detection of heavy metals by stripping voltammetry, are addressed.
新材料的发展的最新进展对分析化学产生了重大影响。例如，有序介孔硅的独特性质被证明可以提高许多现有技术的分析性能，或者允许开发新的令人兴奋的技术。同样，有机官能团的引入使介孔硅具有很高的多功能性，并使它们能够执行特殊任务，如从水溶液中吸附有毒重金属。在本教程综述中，我们向读者简要介绍了在制备螯合配体功能化的杂化介孔硅方面的最相关成就，用于重金属的络合。我们还提供了过去十年中关于此类杂化硅在分析应用的一些最新实例。本研究涉及环境水样中重金属检测的两个当前热点问题，即使用杂化介孔硅作为固相萃取的吸附剂，以及使用这些材料开发新的电化学检测策略，用于重金属的溶出伏安法检测。
