Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608 502 Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian J Microbiol. 2008 Sep;48(3):299-308. doi: 10.1007/s12088-008-0024-3. Epub 2008 Jun 13.
Aquaculture is one of the fastest developing growth sectors in the world and Asia presently contributes about 90% to the global production. However, disease outbreaks are constraint to aquaculture production thereby affects both economic development of the country and socio-economic status of the local people in many countries of Asia-Pacifi c region. Disease control in aquaculture industry has been achieved by following different methods using traditional ways, synthetic chemicals and antibiotics. However, the use of such expensive chemotherapeutants for controlling diseases has been widely criticized for their negative impacts like accumulation of residues, development of drug resistance, immunosuppressants and reduced consumer preference for aqua products treated with antibiotics and traditional methods are ineffective against controlling new diseases in large aquaculture systems. Therefore, alternative methods need to be developed to maintain a healthy microbial environment in the aquaculture systems there by to maintain the health of the cultured organisms. Use of probiotics is one of such method that is gaining importance in controlling potential pathogens. This review provides a summary of the criteria for the selection of the potential probiotics, their importance and future perspectives in aquaculture industry.
水产养殖是世界上发展最快的产业之一，目前亚洲约占全球产量的 90%。然而，疾病爆发严重制约了水产养殖业的发展，从而影响了亚洲-太平洋地区许多国家的经济发展和当地人民的社会经济地位。水产养殖业通过采用传统方法、合成化学品和抗生素等不同方法来控制疾病。然而，这些昂贵的化学治疗剂在控制疾病方面的广泛应用受到了广泛的批评，因为它们会造成残留、耐药性的发展、免疫抑制剂的产生，以及消费者对用抗生素和传统方法处理过的水产养殖产品的偏好降低，而且传统方法对控制大型水产养殖系统中的新疾病也无效。因此，需要开发替代方法来维持水产养殖系统中的健康微生物环境，从而维持养殖生物的健康。益生菌的使用是控制潜在病原体的一种方法，这种方法越来越受到重视。本文综述了选择潜在益生菌的标准、它们在水产养殖中的重要性和未来前景。
