Ghent University, Department of Orthopedagogics, H. Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Int J Drug Policy. 2013 Jul;24(4):342-50. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2012.09.005. Epub 2012 Nov 3.
This study aimed to identify classes of quality of life (QoL) among opiate-dependent individuals five to ten years after starting methadone treatment in order to tailor services to the needs of this population.
A cross-sectional study of 159 opiate-dependent individuals who started outpatient methadone treatment in the region of Ghent, Belgium, between 1997 and 2002. A face-to-face structured interview was administered based on the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile, the EuropASI, Brief Symptom Inventory and the Verona Service Satisfaction Scale for Methadone Treatment. Latent class analysis was used to determine patterns of QoL. Analyses of variance and chi-square tests were used to test whether class membership was related to socio-demographic, health- and drug-related variables.
Based on fit criteria, a three-class model was selected. Class Low (14.5%), 'opiate-dependent individuals living in marginal conditions', is characterised by low QoL scores on all domains. Class Intermediate (25.8%), 'stabilized, but socially excluded opiate-dependent individuals' shows high scores on the domains 'safety' and 'living situation', but low scores on all other QoL domains. Class High (59.7%), 'socially included opiate-dependent individuals', is characterised by high QoL scores on all domains, except 'finances'.
The findings of this study illustrate the existence of different profiles of QoL among opiate-dependent individuals after starting methadone maintenance treatment and demonstrate the need for a continuing care approach. Insight into distinct classes of QoL can be used to design person-centred support, relevant to an individual's personal life.
本研究旨在确定海洛因依赖者在开始美沙酮治疗五到十年后的生活质量（QoL）类别，以便根据该人群的需求调整服务。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 159 名 1997 年至 2002 年期间在比利时根特地区接受门诊美沙酮治疗的海洛因依赖者。采用面对面的结构化访谈，基于兰开夏郡生活质量概况、EuropASI、Brief Symptom Inventory 和 Verona 美沙酮治疗服务满意度量表进行。采用潜在类别分析确定 QoL 模式。方差分析和卡方检验用于检验类别成员资格是否与社会人口统计学、健康和药物相关变量相关。
根据拟合标准，选择了一个三类别模型。低类别（14.5%），“生活在边缘条件下的海洛因依赖者”，其所有领域的 QoL 评分均较低。中间类别（25.8%），“稳定但社会排斥的海洛因依赖者”，在“安全”和“生活状况”领域表现出高评分，但在所有其他 QoL 领域评分较低。高类别（59.7%），“社会包容的海洛因依赖者”，除了“财务”之外，所有领域的 QoL 评分均较高。
本研究结果表明，开始美沙酮维持治疗后，海洛因依赖者存在不同的生活质量特征，并证明需要采用持续护理方法。对不同 QoL 类别的了解可以用于设计针对个体个人生活的以人为主导的支持。
