Engineering and Physical Hazards Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2013 Jul;56(7):791-805. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22129. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
Magnetic fields (MF) from AC electricity are a Possible Human Carcinogen, based on limited epidemiologic evidence from exposures far below occupational health limits.
To help formulate government guidance on occupational MF, the cancer cases prevented and the monetary benefits accruing to society by reducing workplace exposures were determined. Life-table methods produced Disability Adjusted Life Years, which were converted to monetary values.
Adjusted for probabilities of causality, the expected increase in a worker's disability-free life are 0.04 year (2 weeks) from a 1 microtesla (µT) MF reduction in average worklife exposure, which is equivalent to $5,100/worker/µT in year 2010 U.S. dollars (95% confidence interval $1,000-$9,000/worker/µT). Where nine electrosteel workers had 13.8 µT exposures, for example, moving them to ambient MFs would provide $600,000 in benefits to society (uncertainty interval $0-$1,000,000).
When combined with the costs of controls, this analysis provides guidance for precautionary recommendations for managing occupational MF exposures.
基于职业健康限制以下的暴露水平的有限流行病学证据，交流电产生的磁场（MF）被认为是一种潜在的人类致癌物。
为了帮助制定关于职业 MF 的政府指导意见，确定了减少工作场所暴露可以预防的癌症病例数和为社会带来的货币效益。寿命表法产生了伤残调整生命年，将其转换为货币价值。
根据因果关系的可能性进行调整后，在平均工作寿命暴露中降低 1 微特斯拉（µT）MF 可使工人无残疾的生命预期增加 0.04 年（2 周），相当于 2010 年每工人每 µT 美元 5100 美元（95%置信区间 1000-9000 美元/µT）。例如，将九名电工的 13.8µT 暴露转移到环境 MF 中，将为社会提供 60 万美元的效益（不确定性区间为 0-100 万美元）。
将其与控制成本相结合，该分析为管理职业 MF 暴露的预防建议提供了指导。
