Park Robert M, Schulte Paul A, Bowman Joseph D, Walker James T, Bondy Stephen C, Yost Michael G, Touchstone Jennifer A, Dosemeci Mustafa
Education and Information Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, MS C-15, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2005 Jul;48(1):63-77. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20178.
Associations between occupations and neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) may be discernable in death certificate data.
Hypotheses generated from 1982 to 1991 study were tested in data from 22 states for the years 1992-1998. Specific occupations and exposures to pesticides, solvents, oxidative stressors, magnetic fields, and welding fumes were evaluated.
About one third (26/87) of the occupations hypothesized with neurodegenerative associations had statistically significant elevated mortality odds ratios (MOR) for the same outcome. Occupations with the largest MORs were (a) for presenile dementia (PSD)-dentists, graders/sorters (non-agricultural), and clergy; (b) for Alzheimer's disease (AD)-bank tellers, clergy, aircraft mechanics, and hairdressers; (c) for Parkinson's disease (PD)-biological scientists, clergy, religious workers, and post-secondary teachers; and (d) for motor neuron disease (MND)-veterinarians, hairdressers, and graders and sorters (non-agricultural). Teachers had significantly elevated MORs for all four diseases, and hairdressers for three of the four. Non-horticultural farmers below age 65 had elevated PD (MOR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.47-3.26), PSD (MOR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.10-4.05), and AD (MOR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.04-2.81). Sixty hertz magnetic fields exhibited significant exposure-response for AD and, below age 65, for PD (MOR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.14-2.98) and MND (MOR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.10-2.39). Welding had elevated PD mortality below age 65 (MOR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.08-2.75).
Support was observed for hypothesized excess neurodegenerative disease associated with a variety of occupations, 60 Hz magnetic fields and welding.
职业与神经退行性疾病（NDD）之间的关联在死亡证明数据中可能是可辨别的。
对1982年至1991年研究中产生的假设在1992 - 1998年来自22个州的数据中进行检验。评估了特定职业以及接触农药、溶剂、氧化应激源、磁场和焊接烟雾的情况。
假设与神经退行性疾病有关联的职业中，约三分之一（26/87）对于相同结果具有统计学上显著升高的死亡比值比（MOR）。MOR值最高的职业为：（a）早老性痴呆（PSD）——牙医、分级员/分拣员（非农业）和神职人员；（b）阿尔茨海默病（AD）——银行出纳员、神职人员、飞机机械师和美发师；（c）帕金森病（PD）——生物科学家、神职人员、宗教工作者和高等院校教师；（d）运动神经元病（MND）——兽医、美发师和分级员/分拣员（非农业）。教师对于所有四种疾病的MOR值均显著升高，美发师对于四种疾病中的三种升高。65岁以下的非园艺农民患PD（MOR = 2.23，95%CI = 1.47 - 3.26）、PSD（MOR = 2.22，95%CI = 1.10 - 4.05）和AD（MOR = 1.76，95%CI = 1.04 - 2.81）的风险升高。60赫兹磁场对AD以及65岁以下的PD（MOR = 1.87，95%CI = 1.14 - 2.98）和MND（MOR = 1.63，95%CI = 1.10 - 2.39）呈现出显著的暴露 - 反应关系。焊接使65岁以下的PD死亡率升高（MOR = 1.77，95%CI = 1.08 - 2.75）。
观察到对与多种职业、60赫兹磁场和焊接相关的假设性神经退行性疾病过量情况的支持。
