University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, World Health Organization (WHO), Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
J Clin Nurs. 2013 Jun;22(11-12):1521-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04351.x. Epub 2012 Nov 8.
To evaluate the internal reliability and validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Family Questionnaire among families of schizophrenia outpatients.
The main studies about the family environment of schizophrenia patients are related to the concept of Expressed Emotion. There is currently no instrument to evaluate this concept in Brazil that is easily applicable and comparable with studies from other countries.
Methodological and cross-sectional research design.
A convenience sample of 130 relatives of schizophrenia outpatients was selected. The translation and cultural adaptation of the instrument involved experts in mental health and experts in the German language and included back translation, semantic evaluation of items and pretesting of the instrument with 30 relatives of schizophrenia outpatients. The psychometric properties of the instrument were studied with another 100 relatives, which fulfilled the requirements for the Brazilian Portuguese version of the instrument. The psychometric properties of the instrument were assessed by construct validity (using an analysis of its key components, comparisons between distinct groups-convergent validity with the Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Scale) and reliability (checking the internal consistency of its items and its test-retest reproducibility).
The analysis of main components confirmed dimensionality patterns that were comparable between the original and adapted versions. In two domains of the instrument, critical comments and emotional over-involvement had moderate and significant correlations, respectively, with Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Scale, appropriate values of Cronbach's alpha and strong and significant correlations, respectively, in test-retest reproducibility. We observed significant differences between distinct groups of parents in the category of emotional over-involvement.
We conclude that the Portuguese-adapted version of the Family Questionnaire is valid and reliable for the study sample.
This study provided evidence that the Family Questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing expressed emotion. It is easy and practical to use and is acceptable for use in a Brazilian cultural population.
评估巴西葡萄牙语版家庭问卷在精神分裂症门诊患者家庭中的内部信度和效度。
关于精神分裂症患者家庭环境的主要研究与表达情感的概念有关。目前，巴西还没有一种易于应用且可与其他国家研究相媲美的评估这一概念的工具。
方法学和横断面研究设计。
选择了 130 名精神分裂症门诊患者的亲属进行便利抽样。该工具的翻译和文化适应涉及心理健康专家和德语专家，包括翻译回译、项目语义评估和对 30 名精神分裂症患者亲属进行工具预测试。使用另外 100 名符合该工具的巴西葡萄牙语版本要求的亲属来研究该工具的心理测量特性。通过结构效度（使用关键成分分析、不同组之间的比较——与 Antonovsky 的整体感量表的收敛效度）和可靠性（检查其项目的内部一致性及其测试-重测可重复性）来评估该工具的心理测量特性。
主要成分分析证实了原始和适应版本之间具有可比性的维度模式。在该工具的两个领域中，批评性评论和情感过度卷入分别与 Antonovsky 的整体感量表具有中度和显著相关性，Cronbach 的 alpha 值适当，在测试-重测可重复性方面具有较强且显著的相关性。我们观察到不同组别的父母在情感过度卷入这一类别中存在显著差异。
我们得出结论，经改编的家庭问卷葡萄牙语版本对研究样本具有有效性和可靠性。
本研究提供了证据表明，家庭问卷是一种可靠且有效的评估表达情感的工具。它易于使用且实用，适用于巴西文化人群。
