Olson L M, Becker T M, Wiggins C L, Key C R, Samet J M
Department of Epidemiology, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque.
Soc Sci Med. 1990;30(4):479-86. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(90)90350-2.
Childhood fatalities from injuries are a serious public health problem in New Mexico, a state which ranks second in the nation in injury-related mortality rates. To determine the extent of injury mortality in children in this state, and to examine time trends and differences in mortality rates in New Mexico's American Indian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white children aged 0-14 years, we analyzed vital records collected from 1958 to 1982. American Indian children experienced the highest mortality rates from all external causes combined. Among all three major ethnic groups, children aged 0-4 years were at the highest risk for injury fatalities. Unintentional injuries accounted for 85% of all injury-related deaths. Motor vehicle crashes and drowning were the first and second leading causes of death in all three groups, while other important causes of death included fire, choking on food or other objects, poisoning, and homicide. Although the fatality rates on most types of injuries decreased over the 25-year period, childhood fatality rates for motor vehicle crashes and homicide increased in each ethnic group. Despite the overall decrease in injury mortality rates in New Mexican children, the rates are excessively high compared to other states, especially in American Indian children.
在新墨西哥州，儿童因伤致死是一个严重的公共卫生问题，该州与伤害相关的死亡率在全国排名第二。为了确定该州儿童伤害死亡率的情况，并研究新墨西哥州0至14岁美国印第安、西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人儿童死亡率的时间趋势及差异，我们分析了1958年至1982年收集的重要记录。美国印第安儿童因所有外部原因导致的综合死亡率最高。在所有三个主要种族群体中，0至4岁儿童因伤致死的风险最高。意外伤害占所有与伤害相关死亡的85%。机动车碰撞和溺水是所有三个群体中排名第一和第二的主要死因，而其他重要死因包括火灾、食物或其他物体窒息、中毒和凶杀。尽管在这25年期间大多数伤害类型的死亡率有所下降，但每个种族群体中机动车碰撞和凶杀导致的儿童死亡率都有所上升。尽管新墨西哥州儿童伤害死亡率总体有所下降，但与其他州相比，该比率过高，尤其是在美国印第安儿童中。
