Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Tor Vergata University Rome, Italy.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2012 Nov 16;2:141. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00141. eCollection 2012.
The interactions between intestinal microbiota, immune system, and pathogens describe the human gut as a complex ecosystem, where all components play a relevant role in modulating each other and in the maintenance of homeostasis. The balance among the gut microbiota and the human body appear to be crucial for health maintenance. Intestinal parasites, both protozoans and helminths, interact with the microbial community modifying the balance between host and commensal microbiota. On the other hand, gut microbiota represents a relevant factor that may strongly interfere with the pathophysiology of the infections. In addition to the function that gut commensal microbiota may have in the processes that determine the survival and the outcome of many parasitic infections, including the production of nutritive macromolecules, also probiotics can play an important role in reducing the pathogenicity of many parasites. On these bases, there is a growing interest in explaining the rationale on the possible interactions between the microbiota, immune response, inflammatory processes, and intestinal parasites.
肠道微生物群、免疫系统和病原体之间的相互作用将人类肠道描述为一个复杂的生态系统，其中所有成分在相互调节和维持内稳态方面都发挥着重要作用。肠道微生物群与人体之间的平衡似乎对维持健康至关重要。肠道寄生虫，包括原生动物和蠕虫，与微生物群落相互作用，改变宿主和共生微生物群之间的平衡。另一方面，肠道微生物群是一个重要的因素，可能会强烈干扰感染的病理生理学。除了肠道共生微生物群在决定许多寄生虫感染的生存和结果的过程中可能具有的功能外，包括产生营养大分子，益生菌也可以在降低许多寄生虫的致病性方面发挥重要作用。基于这些原因，人们越来越有兴趣解释微生物群、免疫反应、炎症过程和肠道寄生虫之间可能存在的相互作用的基本原理。
