Chekijian Sharon Anoush, Truzyan Nune
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine American University of Armenia.
Ann Adv Automot Med. 2012;56:191-200.
: To determine knowledge and attitudes regarding traffic safety devices, measures, and legislation in the general population in Yerevan, Republic of Armenia.
: We conducted a baseline random digit dial fixed line telephone verbal survey of Yerevan households in April 2009 with a follow-up survey in May 2010. Survey domains included restraint use, motor vehicle crash experiences, and attitudes regarding traffic safety.
: In the initial survey, of 2137 numbers dialed, 436 persons were reached and 390 (90%) agreed to participate. Of survey respondents, 90% percent of household cars had seatbelts, while 47% had airbags. Twenty-four percent always or usually wore a seatbelt when driving, 21% wore a belt as a passenger. 39% were unaware of child restraints. Of the 61% who were aware of child restraints, only 32% had ever used one. A follow-up survey was conducted one year later after enforcement efforts were increased. In the follow-up survey, 81% percent always or usually wore a seatbelt when driving, and 69% wore a belt as a passenger. There was no significant increase of awareness or use of child restraints in the follow-up survey.
: Although cars in Yerevan have seat belts, the majority of drivers and passengers prior to the intervention did not use them. Knowledge and use of child restraints was poor. The follow-up survey conducted after an enforcement campaign was underway in Yerevan showed that improved enforcement greatly increased awareness and compliance with current legislation. This study provides vital baseline information for the formulation of future policy. It also highlights the need for a multi-dimensional road traffic safety initiative through public educational campaigns, enforcement of current laws, and development of novel prevention policies and regulations.
确定亚美尼亚共和国埃里温普通民众对交通安全设备、措施和立法的了解及态度。
2009年4月，我们对埃里温家庭进行了基线随机数字拨号固定电话口头调查，并于2010年5月进行了后续调查。调查领域包括安全带使用情况、机动车碰撞经历以及对交通安全的态度。
在初始调查中，拨打的2137个号码中，联系到436人，其中390人（90%）同意参与。在调查对象中，90%的家用汽车有安全带，而47%有安全气囊。24%的人开车时总是或通常系安全带，21%的人乘车时系安全带。39%的人不知道儿童安全座椅。在知道儿童安全座椅的61%的人中，只有32%曾经使用过。在加强执法力度一年后进行了后续调查。在后续调查中，81%的人开车时总是或通常系安全带，69%的人乘车时系安全带。后续调查中儿童安全座椅的知晓率和使用率没有显著提高。
尽管埃里温的汽车有安全带，但干预前大多数司机和乘客并未使用。儿童安全座椅的知晓率和使用率很低。在埃里温开展执法行动后进行的后续调查显示，加强执法大大提高了对现行立法的知晓率和遵守情况。本研究为未来政策的制定提供了重要的基线信息。它还强调了通过公共教育活动、执行现行法律以及制定新的预防政策和法规来开展多维度道路交通安全倡议的必要性。
