尼日利亚和赞比亚 HIV 阳性妇女的生育和堕胎态度的社区观。
Community attitudes towards childbearing and abortion among HIV-positive women in Nigeria and Zambia.
机构信息
Guttmacher Institute, New York, USA.
出版信息
Cult Health Sex. 2013;15(2):160-74. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2012.745271. Epub 2012 Nov 23.
Although stigma towards HIV-positive women for both continuing and terminating a pregnancy has been documented, to date few studies have examined relative stigma towards one outcome versus the other. This study seeks to describe community attitudes towards each of two possible elective outcomes of an HIV-positive woman's pregnancy - induced abortion or birth - to determine which garners more stigma and document characteristics of community members associated with stigmatising attitudes towards each outcome. Data come from community-based interviews with reproductive-aged men and women, 2401 in Zambia and 2452 in Nigeria. Bivariate and multivariate analyses revealed that respondents from both countries overwhelmingly favoured continued childbearing for HIV-positive pregnant women, but support for induced abortion was slightly higher in scenarios in which anti-retroviral therapy (ART) was unavailable. Zambian respondents held more stigmatising attitudes towards abortion for HIV-positive women than did Nigerian respondents. Women held more stigmatising attitudes towards abortion for HIV-positive women than men, particularly in Zambia. From a sexual and reproductive health and rights perspective, efforts to assist HIV-positive women in preventing unintended pregnancy and to support them in their pregnancy decisions when they do become pregnant should be encouraged in order to combat the social stigma documented in this paper.
尽管已经有文献记录了针对 HIV 阳性女性继续和终止妊娠的污名化现象,但迄今为止,很少有研究调查针对一种结果而非另一种结果的相对污名化程度。本研究旨在描述社区对 HIV 阳性女性妊娠的两种可能选择性结局——人工流产或分娩——的态度,以确定哪种结局会带来更多的污名,并记录与对每种结局持污名化态度相关的社区成员的特征。数据来自于对赞比亚和尼日利亚各 2401 名和 2452 名育龄男女的基于社区的访谈。单变量和多变量分析表明,来自这两个国家的受访者都强烈支持 HIV 阳性孕妇继续生育,但在无法获得抗逆转录病毒疗法(ART)的情况下,支持人工流产的比例略高。赞比亚受访者对 HIV 阳性女性人工流产的态度比尼日利亚受访者更为污名化。与男性相比,女性对 HIV 阳性女性人工流产的态度更为污名化,尤其是在赞比亚。从性健康和生殖健康及权利的角度来看,应鼓励努力帮助 HIV 阳性女性预防意外怀孕,并在她们怀孕时支持她们的妊娠决策,以应对本文记录的社会污名化现象。