Ohshima Hiroshi, Matsumoto Toshio
Space Biomedical Research office, Flight Crew Operations and Technology Department, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Japan.
Clin Calcium. 2012 Dec;22(12):1803-12.
Bone loss and urolithiasis are inevitable outcome in human space flight and long-duration bet rest. The rate of space flight induced bone loss is 10 times faster than in those with osteoporosis. Significant bone loss at weight bearing bones, elevated urinary calcium excretion, and un-coupling of bone resorption and bone formation are observed during the long-term bed rest study. Improvements of resistive exercise device and vitamin-D supplementation for astronauts in International Space Station can partially maintain bone mass, however, they can not fully supress bone resorption and urinary calcium excretion during space flight. JAXA and NASA are performing joint study to validate the mitigration effects on bone resorption and urolithiasis of bisphosphonate supplement in conjunction with excercise.
骨质流失和尿石症是人类太空飞行和长期卧床休息不可避免的后果。太空飞行导致的骨质流失速度比骨质疏松症患者快10倍。在长期卧床休息研究中，观察到承重骨显著骨质流失、尿钙排泄增加以及骨吸收与骨形成解偶联。国际空间站上为宇航员改进抗阻运动设备和补充维生素D可部分维持骨量，然而，它们无法在太空飞行期间完全抑制骨吸收和尿钙排泄。日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（JAXA）和美国国家航空航天局（NASA）正在进行联合研究，以验证双膦酸盐补充剂结合运动对骨吸收和尿石症的缓解作用。
