Ohshima Hiroshi
Space Biomedical Research Office, Human Space Technology and Astronauts Department, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) .
Clin Calcium. 2010 May;20(5):709-16.
Bone loss and renal stone are significant medical concerns for bed rest subjects and space flight astronauts. Bone mineral loss occurs as secondary osteoporosis due to the unloading of weight bearing bones during bed rest and space flight. Increased bone resorption and bone metabolic uncoupling promote bone loss through the release of calcium from unloaded weight bearing bones. The rate of bone mineral loss during bed rest and space flight is about 1-2 percent per month, and recovery requires a period three or four times longer. To prevent bone loss caused by bed rest and space flight, a prophylactic countermeasure program based on scientific evidence should be developed.
骨质流失和肾结石是卧床休息者和太空飞行宇航员面临的重大医学问题。由于卧床休息和太空飞行期间承重骨卸载，骨矿物质流失会导致继发性骨质疏松。骨吸收增加和骨代谢解偶联通过卸载的承重骨释放钙来促进骨质流失。卧床休息和太空飞行期间骨矿物质流失率约为每月1%-2%，恢复则需要三到四倍长的时间。为预防卧床休息和太空飞行引起的骨质流失，应制定基于科学证据的预防性对策方案。
