Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstraße 84, 93042 Regensburg, Germany ; Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Bezirksklinikum, Universitätsstraße 84, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
EPMA J. 2011 Sep;2(3):309-14. doi: 10.1007/s13167-011-0095-9. Epub 2011 Jul 5.
Insomnia is a very frequent problem among the general population, and it has a high socio-economic impact on health care management. It produces high costs because of absenteeism and accidents, and it is considered to be a risk factor for the development of psychiatric diseases and other medical disorders. However, only a low proportion of insomniacs ever seek professional help. The reasons are still unknown, but most insomniacs probably consider their problem untreatable unless they undergo a therapy with hypnotics. Knowledge about alternative therapy methods beyond sleep medication is scarce, and specialized psychotherapy is not always available. Since dysfunctional behavior and beliefs are considered to be the central perpetuating factors for primary insomnia, the role of educational programs in terms of prevention and treating mild forms of insomnia is discussed. These workshops could be a part of a step-by-step treatment of insomnia as has been proposed recently by Espie.
失眠是普通人群中非常常见的问题，它对医疗保健管理有着重大的社会经济影响。它导致旷工和事故的高成本，并且被认为是发展精神疾病和其他医学疾病的一个风险因素。然而，只有一小部分失眠症患者寻求专业帮助。原因尚不清楚，但大多数失眠症患者可能认为他们的问题无法治疗，除非他们接受催眠治疗。除了睡眠药物之外，关于替代治疗方法的知识很少，而且专业心理治疗也不是总是可用的。由于功能失调的行为和信念被认为是原发性失眠的主要持续因素，因此讨论了教育计划在预防和治疗轻度失眠方面的作用。这些研讨会可以作为 Espie 最近提出的失眠症逐步治疗的一部分。
