Colombo L, Williams J
University of Padua, Italy.
Mem Cognit. 1990 Mar;18(2):153-63. doi: 10.3758/bf03197090.
In the present experiments, we investigated the facilitatory effects of auditorily presented prime words in neutral sentence contexts upon visually presented target words. It is shown that when the target task is a lexical decision, facilitation is obtained when the relationship between the prime and the target is one of synonymy (and low association strength). When instead the target is an antonym (again of low association strength), there is no priming effect; lexical decision is facilitated only when the prime word is presented in isolation. In further experiments, it is shown that primes in sentence contexts can produce facilitation of antonyms if they are strongly associated, or in the absence of association if the target must be named. The results are explained in terms of an integration process, which checks for the coherence between an upcoming word and the highest available level of representation of the context, but which affects only responses in the lexical decision task.
在当前的实验中，我们研究了在中性句子语境中听觉呈现的启动词对视觉呈现的目标词的促进作用。结果表明，当目标任务是词汇判断时，如果启动词与目标词是同义词关系（且联想强度较低），则会产生促进作用。相反，当目标词是反义词（同样联想强度较低）时，不存在启动效应；只有当启动词单独呈现时，词汇判断才会得到促进。在进一步的实验中，结果表明，如果句子语境中的启动词与目标词有强关联，或者在目标词必须被命名且不存在关联的情况下，启动词可以对反义词产生促进作用。这些结果是根据一个整合过程来解释的，该过程会检查即将出现的单词与语境的最高可用表征水平之间的连贯性，但只会影响词汇判断任务中的反应。
