Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando M. de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Vet Parasitol. 2013 Mar 31;193(1-3):100-4. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.11.015. Epub 2012 Nov 12.
There are currently no reports on the isolation and molecular examination of Toxoplasma gondii from bats. Here, we report the isolation and genotypic characterisation of two T. gondii isolates from bats. A total of 369 bats from different municipalities in São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil, were captured and euthanised, and collected tissues (heart and pectoral muscle) were processed for each bat or in pools of two or three bats and bioassayed in mice (a total of 283 bioassays). Eleven PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) markers were used to genotype positive samples: SAG1, SAG2 (5'-3'SAG2 and alt. SAG2), SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, L358, c22-8, c29-2, PK1, CS3 and Apico. The parasite was isolated from two bats from São Paulo city: an insectivorous bat, the velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus, and a hematophagous bat, the common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus. Isolates were designated TgBatBr1 and TgBatBr2, respectively. The genotype of the isolate from M. molossus (TgBatBr1) has been previously described in an isolate from a capybara from São Paulo state, and the genotype from the D. rotundus isolate (TgBatBr2) has already been identified in isolates from cats, chickens, capybaras, sheep, a rodent and a common rabbit from different Brazilian states, suggesting that this may be a common T. gondii lineage circulating in some Brazilian regions. Isolation of T. gondii from a hematophagous species is striking. This study reveals that bats can share the same isolates that are found in domesticated and wild terrestrial animals. This is the first report of the isolation and genotyping of T. gondii in chiropterans.
目前尚无关于蝙蝠中弓形虫的分离和分子检测的报告。在这里，我们报告了从蝙蝠中分离和基因特征的两种弓形虫分离株。从巴西东南部圣保罗州的不同直辖市共捕获并安乐死了 369 只蝙蝠，并对每只蝙蝠或两只或三只蝙蝠的组织（心脏和胸肌）进行处理，并在小鼠中进行生物测定（共进行了 283 次生物测定）。使用 11 个 PCR-RFLP（聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性）标记物对阳性样本进行基因分型：SAG1、SAG2（5'-3'SAG2 和 alt. SAG2）、SAG3、BTUB、GRA6、L358、c22-8、c29-2、PK1、CS3 和 Apico。寄生虫从来自圣保罗市的两只蝙蝠中分离出来：一种食虫蝙蝠，绒尾蝠 Molossus molossus，和一种吸血蝙蝠，普通吸血蝙蝠 Desmodus rotundus。分离株分别命名为 TgBatBr1 和 TgBatBr2。来自 M. molossus 的分离株（TgBatBr1）的基因型之前在来自圣保罗州的水豚分离株中已有描述，而来自 D. rotundus 分离株的基因型（TgBatBr2）已经在来自巴西不同州的猫、鸡、水豚、绵羊、啮齿动物和普通兔的分离株中被鉴定，表明这可能是一种在一些巴西地区循环的常见弓形虫谱系。从吸血物种中分离出弓形虫是引人注目的。这项研究表明，蝙蝠可以与在驯化和野生陆地动物中发现的相同分离株共享。这是蝙蝠中弓形虫分离和基因分型的首次报道。
