Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bio-Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Nutrients. 2012 Oct 19;4(10):1504-17. doi: 10.3390/nu4101504.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of egg white protein compared to carbohydrate intake prior to exercise on fat free mass (FFM), one repetition maximum (1RM) muscle strength and blood biochemistry in female athletes. Thirty healthy female collegiate athletes were recruited for this study and matched by sport type, body fat percentage and 1RM leg curl muscle strength. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: protein group (15.0 g egg white protein; 75 kcal) and carbohydrate group (17.5 g maltodextrin, 78 kcal). Supplements were administered daily at the same time in a double-blind manner prior to training during an 8-week period. Measurements were performed before and after the 8-week regimen. The mean dietary energy intake did not change throughout the study period. FFM and 1RM assessments (i.e., leg curl, leg extension, squat, and bench press) increased in both groups. Furthermore, serum urea and serum citrulline levels after the 8-week regimen increased significantly only in the protein group. Our findings indicated that compared to the carbohydrate supplement, the protein supplement was associated with some changes in protein metabolites but not with changes in body composition or muscle strength.
本研究旨在评估运动前摄入蛋清蛋白与碳水化合物相比对女性运动员的去脂体重（FFM）、最大重复次数（1RM）肌肉力量和血液生化学的影响。这项研究招募了 30 名健康的女性大学生运动员，根据运动类型、体脂百分比和 1RM 腿弯举肌肉力量进行匹配。参与者被随机分为两组：蛋白质组（15.0 克蛋清蛋白；75 千卡）和碳水化合物组（17.5 克麦芽糊精，78 千卡）。在 8 周的时间里，在训练前以双盲的方式每天在同一时间服用补充剂。在 8 周的疗程前后进行测量。研究期间，平均膳食能量摄入没有变化。两组的去脂体重和 1RM 评估（即腿弯举、腿伸展、深蹲和卧推）均增加。此外，只有在蛋白质组中，8 周疗程后血清尿素和血清瓜氨酸水平显著增加。我们的研究结果表明，与碳水化合物补充剂相比，蛋白质补充剂与蛋白质代谢物的一些变化有关，但与身体成分或肌肉力量的变化无关。
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