照顾患者的回报和精神疾病患者照顾者的应对策略。
Rewards of caregiving and coping strategies of caregivers of patients with mental illness.
机构信息
Department ofPsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universityof Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 84, Regensburg, Germany.
出版信息
Psychiatr Serv. 2013 Feb 1;64(2):185-8. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.001212012.
OBJECTIVE
The study sought to broaden the focus of research on caregivers' burden by examining caregiving rewards and their relation to coping skills.
METHODS
Data from semistructured interviews with 60 family caregivers of patients with mental illness in Germany were examined by content analysis. Information was gathered with the Freiburg Questionnaire on Coping With Illness. Both t tests and regression analyses were used to analyze data.
RESULTS
Caregivers made 413 statements about rewards, which were assigned to six categories. "Gratitude and affection from the patient" was the most frequently cited, and "active, problem-oriented coping" was the coping strategy most used. Three variables predicted identification of a greater number of rewards, explaining 39% of variance: "increased religiousness and searching for meaning," "caregiver's younger age," and "more statements about burden."
CONCLUSIONS
To support caregivers, a shift in orientation from focusing on burden to emphasizing resources is necessary.
目的
本研究通过考察照料者的回报及其与应对技能的关系，拓宽了对照料者负担的研究焦点。
方法
本研究采用内容分析法，对 60 名德国精神疾病患者的家庭照料者的半结构式访谈数据进行了分析。研究采用弗赖堡应对疾病问卷收集信息。采用 t 检验和回归分析对数据进行分析。
结果
照料者共提出了 413 条关于回报的陈述，这些陈述被分为六个类别。“来自患者的感激和关爱”是最常被提及的，而“积极、以问题为导向的应对”则是最常用的应对策略。有三个变量可以预测识别出更多的回报，解释了 39%的方差：“宗教信仰的增强和对意义的追求”、“照料者的年龄较小”和“更多关于负担的陈述”。
结论
为了支持照料者，有必要从关注负担转向强调资源。
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