Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230-1439, USA, Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA and Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Health Educ Res. 2013 Oct;28(5):828-42. doi: 10.1093/her/cys114. Epub 2012 Nov 30.
Valid and reliable psychosocial measures for parents are lacking in the children's sun protection literature. We examined the construct validity and reliability of measures of parents' self-efficacy and perceived barriers specific to four sun protection behaviors in children: sunscreen, clothing, shade and limiting time outdoors. Melanoma survivors (N = 205) with children aged 12 years and younger completed an interview. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a four-factor structure of self-efficacy in which each factor was specific to one of the sun protection behaviors. This structure, consistent with Bandura's conceptualization, suggests using behavior-specific scores. A bifactor model best fit the perceived barriers data. Each item loaded on both a general barriers factor and one of four behavior-specific factors. Based on the magnitude of general factor loadings relative to behavior-specific factor loadings, use of subscale scores or a total score is recommended. Correlations between self-efficacy measures (0.30-0.46) and between perceived barriers measures (0.22-0.42) suggested convergent validity. Correlations between self-efficacy and perceived barriers were strongest within behavior (-0.34 to -0.63), suggesting discriminant validity. Almost all measures were most strongly associated with corresponding behaviors, supporting construct validity. Reliabilities ranged from 0.72 to 0.90. Measures are valid and reliable for use in children's sun protection studies.
在儿童防晒文献中，缺乏针对父母的有效且可靠的心理社会测量工具。我们检验了针对儿童防晒的四种行为（防晒霜、衣物、遮阳和限制户外活动时间）的父母自我效能感和感知障碍的测量工具的结构效度和信度。有 205 名患有黑素瘤的儿童年龄在 12 岁及以下的父母完成了访谈。验证性因子分析支持自我效能感的四因素结构，其中每个因素都与一种防晒行为有关。这种结构与班杜拉的概念化一致，表明使用行为特异性分数。双因素模型最适合感知障碍数据。每个项目都加载在一般障碍因素和四个行为特异性因素之一上。基于一般因素负荷相对于行为特异性因素负荷的大小，建议使用子量表分数或总分。自我效能感测量值（0.30-0.46）和感知障碍测量值（0.22-0.42）之间的相关性表明了收敛效度。自我效能感和感知障碍之间的相关性在行为内最强（-0.34 至-0.63），表明了区分效度。几乎所有的测量都与相应的行为最密切相关，支持了结构效度。可靠性范围从 0.72 到 0.90。这些测量工具在儿童防晒研究中是有效和可靠的。
