Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Climacteric. 2013 Apr;16(2):214-9. doi: 10.3109/13697137.2012.753873. Epub 2013 Jan 8.
Sleep disorders in the menopause are common. Although these disorders may be due to the menopause itself and/or the associated vasomotor symptoms, the etiology is multifactorial and includes a number of other associated conditions. They may simply arise as part of the aging process and not be specifically related to the decrease in estrogen levels or, alternatively, because of breathing or limb movement syndromes, depression, anxiety, co-morbid medical diseases, medication, pain and/or psychosocial factors. The most commonly encountered sleep disorders in menopausal women include insomnia, nocturnal breathing disturbances and the associated sleep disorders that accompany the restless leg syndrome, periodic leg movement syndrome, depression and anxiety. This review article addresses sleep and the sleep disorders associated with menopause and briefly the role that hormone therapy may play in alleviating these disorders.
更年期睡眠障碍很常见。尽管这些障碍可能是由于更年期本身和/或相关的血管舒缩症状引起的，但病因是多因素的，包括许多其他相关疾病。它们可能只是作为衰老过程的一部分出现，与雌激素水平下降无关，或者是由于呼吸或肢体运动综合征、抑郁、焦虑、合并的医学疾病、药物、疼痛和/或社会心理因素引起的。更年期妇女最常见的睡眠障碍包括失眠、夜间呼吸障碍以及与不宁腿综合征、周期性肢体运动障碍、抑郁和焦虑相关的睡眠障碍。本文综述了睡眠以及与更年期相关的睡眠障碍，简要讨论了激素治疗在缓解这些障碍中的作用。
