London's Air Ambulance, Royal London Hospital, London, UK.
Anaesthesia. 2013 Jan;68 Suppl 1:30-9. doi: 10.1111/anae.12049.
The word 'trauma' describes the disease entity resulting from physical injury. Trauma is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and deaths due to injury look set to increase. As early as the 1970s, it became evident that centralisation of resources and expertise could reduce the mortality rate from serious injury and that organisation of trauma care delivery into formal systems could improve outcome further. Internationally, trauma systems have evolved in various forms, with widespread reports of mortality and functional outcome benefits when major trauma management is delivered in this way. The management of major trauma in England is currently undergoing significant change. The London Trauma System began operating in April 2010 and others throughout England became operational this year. Similar systems exist internationally and continue to be developed. Anaesthetists have been and continue to be involved with all levels of trauma care delivery, from the provision of pre-hospital trauma and retrieval teams, through to chronic pain management and rehabilitation of patients back into society. This review examines the international development of major trauma care delivery and the components of a modern trauma system.
“创伤”一词描述的是由身体损伤导致的疾病实体。创伤是全球范围内导致死亡的主要原因之一，而因伤害导致的死亡人数似乎还在增加。早在 20 世纪 70 年代，就已经明显看出，集中资源和专业知识可以降低严重伤害的死亡率，并且将创伤护理交付组织成正式系统可以进一步改善结果。在国际上，创伤系统已经以各种形式发展起来，广泛报道称，当以这种方式进行严重创伤管理时，死亡率和功能结果都会受益。目前，英格兰的严重创伤管理正在发生重大变化。伦敦创伤系统于 2010 年 4 月开始运作，今年英格兰其他地区也开始运作。类似的系统在国际上也存在，并在继续发展。麻醉师一直在参与各级创伤护理的提供，从提供院前创伤和救援团队，到慢性疼痛管理和将患者康复重返社会。这篇综述考察了主要创伤护理交付的国际发展以及现代创伤系统的组成部分。
