Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Cell Transplant. 2014 Feb;23(2):195-206. doi: 10.3727/096368912X659871. Epub 2012 Dec 4.
Treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and recently also adipose-derived stem cells has shown promising results. In contrast to clinical trials and their use of autologous bone marrow-derived cells from the ischemic patient, the animal MI models are often using young donors and young, often immune-compromised, recipient animals. Our objective was to compare bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with adipose-derived stem cells from an elderly ischemic patient in the treatment of MI using a fully grown non-immune-compromised rat model. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from adipose tissue and bone marrow and compared with respect to surface markers and proliferative capability. To compare the regenerative potential of the two stem cell populations, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to receive intramyocardial injections of adipose-derived stem cells, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, or phosphate-buffered saline 1 week following induction of MI. After 4 weeks, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was improved in the adipose-derived stem cell group, and scar wall thickness was greater compared with the saline group. Adipose-derived as well as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells prevented left ventricular end diastolic dilation. Neither of the cell groups displayed increased angiogenesis in the myocardium compared with the saline group. Adipose-derived stem cells from a human ischemic patient preserved cardiac function following MI, whereas this could not be demonstrated for bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, with only adipose-derived stem cells leading to an improvement in LVEF. Neither of the stem cell types induced myocardial angiogenesis, raising the question whether donor age and health have an effect on the efficacy of stem cells used in the treatment of MI.
用骨髓间充质干细胞和最近的脂肪来源干细胞治疗心肌梗死（MI）已经显示出很有前景的结果。与临床试验及其使用缺血患者自身的骨髓来源细胞相反，动物 MI 模型通常使用年轻的供体和年轻的、通常免疫功能低下的受体动物。我们的目的是在一个完全成熟的非免疫功能低下的大鼠模型中，用来自老年缺血患者的骨髓间充质干细胞与脂肪来源干细胞比较，以治疗 MI。间充质干细胞从脂肪组织和骨髓中分离出来，并在表面标记物和增殖能力方面进行了比较。为了比较两种干细胞群的再生潜力，雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠在 MI 诱导后 1 周随机接受脂肪来源干细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞或磷酸盐缓冲盐水的心肌内注射。4 周后，脂肪来源干细胞组的左心室射血分数（LVEF）得到改善，与盐水组相比，瘢痕壁厚度更大。脂肪来源的和骨髓来源的间充质干细胞都能防止左心室舒张末期扩张。与盐水组相比，两组细胞均未增加心肌中的血管生成。与骨髓来源的间充质干细胞相比，来自缺血患者的脂肪来源干细胞在 MI 后保留了心脏功能，而骨髓来源的间充质干细胞则不能，只有脂肪来源的干细胞能提高 LVEF。两种干细胞类型均未诱导心肌血管生成，这就提出了一个问题，即供体年龄和健康状况是否会影响用于治疗 MI 的干细胞的疗效。
