Adv Clin Exp Med. 2012 Jan-Feb;21(1):5-11.
In patients with Crohn's Disease (CD), malnutrition is frequently observed and is an important complication, frequently associated with nutritional deficiencies, especially vitamins (both water- and fat-soluble) and essential trace elements. It is often a result of the disease activity, poor oral intake and/or restrictive diets. Nutrition plays an important role in disease management and helps to maintain remission in CD patients. Deficiencies occur in patients with active Crohn's disease, and also in those in remission. Specific supplementation of vitamins and micro- and macronutrients might be helpful or even necessary in this group of patients. This review outlines the most frequent nutritional deficiencies and their complications in relation to the Crohn's Disease Activity Index, and provides an overview of therapeutic perspectives for CD patients in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Biological therapy, which is being used with increasing frequency, seems not only to mitigate the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract, but also has significant impact on the nutritional status of patients with Crohn's disease.
在克罗恩病（CD）患者中，营养不良经常被观察到，是一种重要的并发症，常伴有营养缺乏，尤其是水溶性和脂溶性维生素以及必需微量元素。营养不良通常是疾病活动、口服摄入不良和/或饮食限制的结果。营养在疾病管理中起着重要作用，并有助于维持 CD 患者的缓解。在活动期 CD 患者和缓解期患者中都会出现营养缺乏。在这群患者中，补充特定的维生素、微量营养素和宏量营养素可能是有益的，甚至是必要的。这篇综述概述了与克罗恩病活动指数相关的最常见的营养缺乏及其并发症，并为患有炎症性肠病（IBD）的成年 CD 患者提供了治疗的概况。生物治疗的应用越来越频繁，它不仅减轻了胃肠道的炎症过程，而且对 CD 患者的营养状况也有显著影响。
